护理人员工作量影响因素现状调查问卷的编制及临床实证研究

发布时间：2018-07-18 16:00

【摘要】：目的编制护理人员工作量影响因素现状调查问卷,检验其信度和效度,旨在为评价护理人员工作量相关状况提供有效的测评工具,通过调查研究得出护理人员工作量影响因素现状,并结合护理人员对工作量考核的预期,为护理工作量后续相关研究及整改措施提供科学依据。方法采用文献回顾、辩证分析、头脑风暴及半结构式访谈等方法拟定问卷条目池。选取18名专家进行两轮咨询对问卷进行初步修订,形成原始问卷。选取370名护理人员对原始问卷进行预调查。在Delphi专家咨询阶段,条目筛选采用“界值法”;在预调查阶段采用项目分析、探索性因素分析、内容效度、相关性分析、内部一致性检验、分半信度、重测信度等对条目进行筛选、对问卷进行评价。采用便利抽样法,应用正式问卷调查737名护理人员工作量影响因素现状。收集到的数据采用描述性分析、非参数秩和检验、Spearman相关分析及多元线性回归分析等统计学方法。结果初步形成的条目池包括57个条目,经Delphi专家咨询法形成的原始问卷包括50个条目,经项目分析、探索性因素分析后形成的正式问卷包括30个条目。两轮Delphi专家咨询中,问卷回收率分别为100%、90%,专家权威系数分别为0.869、0.853,专家协调系数分别为0.218、0.570,卡方检验均P0.05,具有统计学意义。预调查阶段,探索性因子分析提取5个公因子,累积贡献率为60.389%,内容效度为0.855,Cronbach’sα系数为0.879,分半信度为0.924,重测信度为0.821。护理人员工作量影响因素现状调查问卷总得分的中位数为3.47,得分最高的因子是科室因素,中位数为4.20。对医院级别、年龄、工作年限、婚姻情况、自觉健康状况、职称、发表文章情况、自觉工作量情况等各种不同因素之间进行比较,护理人员工作量影响因素现状得分的差异均有统计学意义,P0.05。经多元线性回归分析,得出自觉健康状况、自觉工作量状况、工作年限及医院等级是护理人员工作量影响因素现状的主要影响因素。相关分析表明,护理人员工作量影响因素现状与其对工作量考核的预期有相关性,P0.05。结论本研究编制了护理人员工作量影响因素现状调查问卷,该问卷具有较高的权威性,信效度良好,可作为护理工作量现状的可靠评价工具。研究得出护理人员工作量影响因素现状呈中等偏上水平,自觉健康状况、自觉工作量状况、工作年限及医院等级是护理人员工作量影响因素现状的主要影响因素。针对这些影响因素以及护理人员对护理工作量考核的预期,提出相关整改措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to compile and test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire on the influencing factors of nursing staff workload in order to provide an effective tool for evaluating the workload related status of nursing staff. Through the investigation and research, the present situation of the influencing factors of nursing staff workload was obtained, and combined with the expectation of nursing staff workload assessment, the scientific basis was provided for the follow-up study of nursing workload and the rectification measures. Methods the methods of literature review, dialectical analysis, brainstorming and semi-structured interview were used to draw up the questionnaire entry pool. Select 18 experts to carry on two rounds consultation to carry on the preliminary revision to the questionnaire, form the original questionnaire. 370 nurses were selected to conduct a preliminary survey on the original questionnaire. In Delphi expert consultation stage, the method of "threshold value" is used for item selection, and item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, content validity, correlation analysis, internal consistency test, split-half reliability are used in pre-survey stage. The reliability of retest was selected and the questionnaire was evaluated. Convenience sampling method was used to investigate the factors affecting the workload of 737 nurses. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, non-parametric rank sum test Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results the primary item pool consists of 57 items, the original questionnaire by Delphi expert consultation includes 50 items, and the formal questionnaire, which is formed by item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, includes 30 items. In the two rounds of Delphi expert consultation, the recovery rate of questionnaire is 100 / 900.The authoritative coefficient of experts is 0.869 / 0.853, and the coordination coefficient of experts is 0.2180.570.The chi-square test has statistical significance. In the pre-investigation stage, five common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, the cumulative contribution rate was 60.389, the content validity was 0.879, the split-half reliability was 0.924, and the test-retest reliability was 0.821. The median of the total score of the questionnaire is 3.47, the highest factor is the department factor, the median is 4.20. A comparison was made between various factors, such as hospital level, age, working years, marital status, conscious health status, professional title, publication of articles, conscious workload, etc. The scores of influencing factors of nursing staff workload were significantly different (P 0.05). By multiple linear regression analysis, it was concluded that conscious health status, conscious workload status, working years and hospital grade were the main influencing factors of nursing staff workload. Correlation analysis showed that there was a correlation between the influencing factors of nursing workers' workload and their expectation of workload examination (P 0.05). Conclusion the questionnaire of influencing factors of nursing staff workload was compiled in this study. The questionnaire has high authority and good reliability and validity. It can be used as a reliable evaluation tool of nursing workload status. The results showed that the status quo of the influencing factors of nursing staff workload was at the middle level. Conscious health condition, conscious workload condition, working years and hospital grade were the main influencing factors of the current situation of nursing staff workload. In view of these influencing factors and nursing staff's expectation of nursing workload examination, relevant rectification measures were put forward.
【学位授予单位】：锦州医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R47

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