5200株非发酵菌临床分布及耐药性分析

发布时间：2018-11-28 18:29

【摘要】：目的分析临床分离非发酵菌的分布特点与耐药情况,指导抗菌药物的合理使用。方法对2014年住院患者送检标本进行细菌分离、鉴定以及药敏试验,并对结果进行分析。结果共分离5 200株非发酵革兰阴性杆菌,铜绿假单胞菌检出率最高,共1 877株,检出率36.1%;其他依次为鲍曼不动杆菌(20.5%)、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(12.7%)和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(0.9%)。各种非发酵菌对临床常用抗菌药物呈现不同程度的耐药性,对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢唑啉、头孢呋辛和头孢西丁的耐药率分别高达97.1%、99.0%、99.5%和99.6%;第3、4代头孢类和氨曲南等的耐药率虽比前者低,但也出现不同程度的耐药,最高达80%;对碳青霉烯类和阿米卡星、舒普深、左氧氟沙星等较为敏感。结论临床医生应重视非发酵菌感染和耐药情况,在使用抗菌药物治疗过程中应充分利用微生物实验室提供的监测数据,选择最佳的用药方案。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of non-fermentative bacteria and to guide the rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods bacterial isolation, identification and drug sensitivity test were performed on the inpatients in 2014, and the results were analyzed. Results A total of 5200 strains of non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli were isolated, and the detection rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the highest (1 877), the detection rate was 36.1%. The others were Acinetobacter baumannii (20.5%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (12.7%) and Bacillus cepacia (0.9%). All kinds of non-fermentative bacteria showed different degrees of resistance to common clinical antimicrobial agents. The drug resistance rates of ampicillin / sulbactam, cefazolin, cefuroxime and cefoxitin were as high as 97.1% and 99.0%, respectively, to ampicillin / sulbactam, cefazolin, cefuroxime and cefoxitin, respectively. 99.5% and 99.6%; The drug resistance rates of the 3rd generation cephalosporins and aztreonam were lower than those of the former, but they also showed resistance to different degrees (up to 80%), and were sensitive to carbapenem and amikacin, sulpsin, levofloxacin and so on. Conclusion the clinical doctors should pay attention to the infection and drug resistance of non-fermentative bacteria, and make full use of the monitoring data provided by microorganism laboratory to select the best drug use plan in the course of using antimicrobial agents.
【作者单位】：长江大学附属第一医院;
【分类号】：R446.5

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