碱性漱口水对预防血液科发热患者口腔感染的分析

发布时间：2018-12-25 19:32

【摘要】：目的探讨碱性漱口水对血液科发热患者口腔感染的影响。方法选取2012年1月-2016年12月医院血液科收治的发热患者996例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各498例;在进行常规口腔护理宣传教育的基础上,对照组每日晨起、睡前、早、中、晚三餐后采用自制0.9%生理盐水漱口,每次100ml;观察组在每日晨起、睡前、早、中、晚三餐后采用自制5%碳酸氢钠碱性漱口水漱口,每次20ml;干预7d后,统计两组口腔感染率,第一次漱口前、干预结束后,分别由护士对患者口腔清洁度、口腔pH值、口腔气味进行检测,统计两组患者住院时间、抗菌药物费用和其他部位感染率,对发生口腔感染患者,采集口腔分泌物标本进行菌株鉴定。结果对照组和观察组口腔感染率分别为5.22%和2.01%,两组口腔感染率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);干预前,两组口腔清洁度、口腔气味评分和口腔pH值比较差异均无统计学意义;干预后,两组口腔清洁度和口腔气味评分均显著降低(P0.05),口腔pH值显著上升(P0.05),且组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组住院时间、抗菌药物费用均显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组其他部位感染率为4.42%,显著低于对照组10.44%(χ~2=4.965,P0.05);36例口腔感染患者共检出病原菌76株,其中厌氧菌56株占73.68%,需氧菌20株占26.32%,黑色素普氏菌26株占34.21%,是主要厌氧菌类型。结论血液科发热患者应用5%碳酸氢钠碱性漱口水,可有效清洁口腔,改变口腔的酸性环境,改善口腔气味,从而降低口腔感染的发生率。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the effect of alkaline gargle on oral infection in patients with fever in hematology department. Methods from January 2012 to December 2016, 996 patients with fever were divided into observation group and control group with 498 cases in each group. On the basis of routine oral nursing propaganda and education, the control group was gargled with 0.9% physiological saline in the morning, before bed, in the morning, in the middle and in the evening. In the observation group, 5% sodium bicarbonate basic mouthwash was used to gargle every morning, before, in the morning, in the middle, in the evening and in the evening. After 7 days of intervention, the oral infection rate of the two groups was counted. Before the first mouthwash and after the intervention, the patients' oral cleanliness, oral pH value and oral odour were detected by the nurses, and the hospital stay time of the two groups was counted. The cost of antimicrobial agents and the infection rate of other parts were collected to identify the strains of oral secretions from patients with oral infection. Results the oral infection rate in the control group and the observation group was 5.22% and 2.01respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in oral cleanliness, odour score and oral pH between the two groups. After intervention, the oral cleanliness and odour score of the two groups were significantly decreased (P0.05), oral pH value significantly increased (P0.05), and there was significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). The hospitalization time of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.05), the infection rate of other parts in the observation group was 4.42, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (10.44%) (蠂 ~ 2, 4.965, P 0.05). A total of 76 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 36 patients with oral infection. Among them, 56 strains were anaerobic bacteria (73.68), 20 strains were aerobic bacteria (26.32%) and 26 strains were Pu melanin bacteria (34.21%), which were the main types of anaerobic bacteria. Conclusion the application of 5% alkaline sodium bicarbonate gargle in patients with fever in hematology department can effectively clean the oral cavity, change the acidic environment of the oral cavity, improve the odour of the oral cavity, and thus reduce the incidence of oral infection.
【作者单位】：海南医学院第一附属医院血液内科;海南医学院第一附属医院心脏外科;
【分类号】：R473.5

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