成年早期抑郁障碍情绪智力现状及健康教育课程模型构建研究

发布时间：2019-07-04 13:05

【摘要】：目的:通过调查了解太原市成年早期抑郁障碍患者的情绪智力现状,探讨患者人格及儿童期虐待对其情绪智力的影响,据此拟定出科学、可行的情绪智力健康教育课程,观察患者抑郁程度及情绪智力的改善情况。方法:1、现状调查:于2015年9月至2016年9月,采用方便抽样的方式选取了太原市三所三级甲等医院成年早期抑郁障碍的住院患者共150名进行问卷调查,了解成年早期抑郁障碍患者情绪智力水平及他们的人格和儿童期虐待经历;配对调查:按同年龄(相差±3岁)、同性别、同文化程度、同婚姻状况、同居住地1:1配对,选择150名健康人作为健康对照组调查其情绪智力的情况;分析出影响成年早期抑郁障碍患者情绪智力的因素及交互作用;比较抑郁障碍患者与健康人情绪智力之间的差异。2、课程拟定:在百余篇文献查阅及半年临床预实验的基础上,为优化抑郁障碍患者临床路径中的护理健康教育内容,构建情绪智力团体干预模型,以此为基础课题组反复论证研究设计出《抑郁障碍情绪智力团体健康教育课程》多媒体课程,每次80分钟,共4次完成。3、干预研究:在前期工作的基础上,选取1所三级甲等医院精神卫生科符合入组条件的临床抑郁障碍患者60例,采用随机分组的方法,将病房的南区分为干预组,北区分为对照组,各30名。对照组采用科室常规的健康教育,例如出入院宣教,包括用药指导、安全教育等,干预组在常规健康教育的基础上引入《抑郁障碍情绪智力团体健康教育课程》,评价工具为《一般资料问卷》、《情绪智力量表》及《汉密尔顿抑郁量表》。采用组间对照与自身前后对照的方法进行效果评价,以上所得数据均采用SPSS17.0进行统计分析处理。结果:1、调查研究结果:成年早期抑郁障碍情绪智力总均分为3.53±0.43,患者的情绪智力各维度及总分均显著低于健康人,差异有统计学意义(p0.01);情绪智力总分及各维度得分在性别、年龄、文化程度、居住地均无差异,他人管理在婚姻状态上存在差异(t=-2.18,p0.05),其中已婚人士他人管理得分为(3.75±0.70)显著高于未婚人士(3.51±0.63);自我管理在不同发病次数下存在差异(t=-2.14,p0.05),复发患者自我管理得分为(3.61±0.55)显著高于首发患者自我管理得分为(3.34±0.59);情绪利用维度在有无家族史上存在差异(t=-2.06,p0.05),其中,有家族史的患者情绪利用得分(3.88±0.55)显著高于无家族史患者(3.61±0.53);成年早期抑郁障碍患者情绪智力与人格和儿童期虐待存在相关性,即情绪智力总分与情绪知觉、自我管理、他人管理均与精神质呈负相关,情绪智力总分及各维度与内外向呈显著的正相关,自我管理与神经质呈负相关(p0.05,p0.01);情感忽略与情绪智力总分呈负相关(p0.05);并且内外向、精神质、躯体忽略、不同发病次数可以预测情绪智力的核心能力自我管理能力,共同解释自我管理变异的26.5%。2、干预研究结果:(1)干预前干预组和对照组之间成年早期抑郁障碍患者的调查结果:干预前干预组和对照组在情绪智力总分及各维度得分无差异(p0.05)。hamd得分也无显著差异(p0.05);(2)干预后干预组和对照组之间成年早期抑郁障碍患者情绪智力的调查结果:干预后干预组的患者在情绪知觉维度要显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(p0.05),而在其他维度有干预组得分高于对照组的趋势,但没有统计学差异(p0.05);hamd得分有干预组低于对照组的趋势,但是没有统计学差异(p0.05);(3)干预组干预前后成年早期抑郁障碍患者情绪智力的调查结果:情绪智力总分及自我管理、情绪知觉和他人管理维度差异有统计学意义(p0.05),而情绪利用维度差异无统计学意义(p0.05),hamd在干预前后有显著性差异(p0.01)。结论:1、成年早期抑郁障碍患者情绪智力显著低于健康人,在婚姻状态、发病次数和家族史差异方面有显著差异,此类患者的情绪智力水平有待进一步提高。2、成年早期抑郁障碍患者人格中内外向、神经质、精神质和儿童期虐待中情感忽略对抑郁障碍患者的情绪智力存在交互影响。3、《抑郁障碍情绪智力团体健康教育课程》干预显著提升了成年早期抑郁障碍患者的情绪智力水平,干预组抑郁程度比对照组更趋改善。4、患者及家属对课程反馈良好,帮助患者及家庭成员从亲子关系中觉察与思考情绪智力的各因素现状,从而增进亲子链接,促进亲情关系,提升其情绪智力能力,并迁移到其他的人际关系中。5、《抑郁障碍情绪智力团体健康教育课程》精细化了护理路径的内涵、激活了护士的心理技能应用,提升了精神科护士的心理护理水平。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the status of the emotional intelligence of the patients with early depression in Taiyuan, and to explore the influence of the patient's personality and childhood abuse on their emotional intelligence, and to develop a scientific and feasible course of emotional intelligence health education. To observe the degree of depression and the improvement of emotional intelligence. Method:1. The survey of the present situation: From September 2015 to September 2016,150 patients with early-stage depression in the three-third-class hospital in Taiyuan were selected by means of convenient sampling. (b) To understand the level of emotional intelligence and their personality and childhood abuse in adult early-stage depression; paired surveys: to be paired with the same age (3 years of age), with the same sex, with the same degree of culture, with marital status,1:1 in the same place of residence, 150 healthy people were selected as the healthy control group to investigate their emotional intelligence; the factors and interaction of the emotional intelligence of the patients with early depression were analyzed; the differences between the patients with depression and the mental intelligence of the healthy people were compared. On the basis of more than 100 references and semi-annual clinical pre-experiment, to optimize the content of nursing health education in the clinical path of the patients with depression, and to construct the intervention model of the emotional intelligence group, Based on this, the research and design of the research and design of the health education course of the emotional intelligence group of the depressive disorder were designed and the multimedia course was completed at a time of 80 minutes, and the intervention study was conducted on the basis of the earlier work. In the first three-class hospital,60 patients with clinical depression disorder were selected and randomly divided into two groups: control group and 30 control group. The control group adopts the routine health education of the department, such as the education of the entrance and exit, including the guidance of medication, safety education, etc. The intervention group has introduced the Health Education Curriculum of the Emotional Intelligence Community of the Depressive Disorder on the basis of the routine health education, and the evaluation tool is . and . The effect evaluation was carried out by the method of group-group control and self-control, and the data obtained above were subjected to statistical analysis and treatment by using SPSS17.0. Results:1. The results of the investigation showed that the mental intelligence of the early-stage depression was 3.53-0.43, and the mental intelligence and total score of the patients were significantly lower than that of the healthy people (p0.01), the total score of emotional intelligence and the scores of each dimension in the sex, age and culture. There was no difference in the place of residence, and there was a difference in the status of marriage (t =-2.18, p0.05), among which the married persons were divided into (3.75-0.70) significantly higher than those of the unmarried (3.51-0.63); self-management had a difference in the number of different cases (t =-2.14, p0.05). The self-management of the recurrent patient was divided into (3.61-0.55) and the self-management of the first-time patient was significantly higher than that of the first-group (3.34-0.59), and the emotion-utilization dimension had a difference in the family history (t =-2.06, p0.05). The mood utilization score of the patients with family history (3.88-0.55) was significantly higher than that of the non-family history (3.61-0.53), and the emotional intelligence of the adult early-stage depression was related to the personality and childhood abuse, that is, the total score of the emotional intelligence and the emotional and self-management. There was a negative correlation between the management of the others and the mental quality, the total score of the emotional intelligence and the positive correlation between the dimensions and the internal and external directions, the self-management and the neuroticism were negatively correlated (p0.05, p0.01), the emotional neglect was negatively correlated with the total score of the emotional intelligence (p0.05), and the internal and external directions, the spirit and the body were ignored, (1) The results of intervention study: (1) The results of the intervention study between the intervention group and the control group in the early stage of depression: There was no difference (p0.05) between the pre-intervention intervention group and the control group in the total score of emotional intelligence and the scores of each dimension (p0.05). (2) The results of the emotional intelligence of adult early-stage depression in the intervention group and the control group after intervention: There was no statistical difference between the intervention group and the control group, but there was no statistical difference (p0.05); the hamid score had the tendency of the intervention group to be lower than that of the control group. However, there was no statistical difference (p0.05). (3) The results of emotional intelligence of the patients with early-stage depression after the intervention of the intervention group were: the total score of emotional intelligence and the difference of self-management, emotion perception and other people's management dimensions (p0.05). There was no significant difference in the degree of emotion utilization (p0.05), and hamid had a significant difference before and after the intervention (p0.01). Conclusion:1. The emotional intelligence of adult patients with early depression is significantly lower than that of healthy people, and there is a significant difference in the status of marriage, the number of times of occurrence and family history, and the level of emotional intelligence of such patients is to be further improved. In that neurotic, mental and childhood abuse, the emotional neglect has an interactive effect on the emotional intelligence of the patient with depression. The degree of depression of the intervention group is more improved than that of the control group. The mental skill of nurses is activated, and the psychological nursing level of the nurses is improved.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R473.74

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