青藏高原碉楼的起源与苯教文化

发布时间：2018-01-10 05:24

本文关键词：青藏高原碉楼的起源与苯教文化　出处：《民族研究》2012年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：从青藏高原碉楼涵义同"琼鸟"(khyung)密切相关的史实出发,本文对藏地苯教中"琼鸟"观念的来历、性质及其传播情况进行了探讨。指出"琼鸟"观念源自古印度的"Garuda",它与苯教的"卵生"观念相依存,也是象雄琼氏部落的重要神鸟。"琼鸟"信仰伴随雍仲苯教的形成逐渐由象雄传往藏区各地,尤其是经藏北传播到藏东地区,今碉楼密集的嘉绒地区传说中正是将其苯教、琼鸟和土司来源地指向象雄及西藏琼部。此外,碉楼分布还与苯教呈明显对应关系。因此,青藏高原碉楼的起源与苯教有关,苯教中的"琼鸟"信仰及"天神"崇拜观念应是碉楼产生的重要文化基础。
[Abstract]:Based on the historical facts that the meaning of the towers in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is closely related to the "Qiongbird", this paper discusses the origin of the concept of "Qiongyao" in the "Qiongyao" religion in Tibet. It is pointed out that the concept of "Qiongyao" originates from "Garuda" in ancient India, and it depends on the concept of "egg birth" of Benzism. It is also an important god bird of the Qiongshi tribe in Xiangxiong. With the formation of Yongzhong Benism, the belief of Qiongyao was gradually passed from Xiangxiong to various parts of Tibetan area, especially through the north of Tibet to the eastern region of Tibet. In the legend of this dense Jialong area, it is precisely the origin of Qiongyao and Tusi that points to Xiangxiong and Qiongbu in Tibet. In addition, the distribution of the towers is obviously corresponding to that of Benzism. The origin of the towers in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is related to Benism. The belief of "Qiongyao" and the concept of worship of "God" should be the important cultural basis for the production of the towers.
【作者单位】：四川大学中国藏学研究所;
【基金】：四川大学“985工程”三期“区域历史与民族创新基地”阶段性成果四川大学学科前沿与交叉创新研究项目资助
【分类号】：C95
【正文快照】： 碉楼作为青藏高原地区一种独特文化遗存,是青藏高原地域文化的有机组成部分,也是与藏、羌等民族悠久历史息息相关的一份珍贵文化遗产。长期以来,人们主要将青藏高原碉楼作为一种防御性建筑看待。①但田野调查获得的民族志材料却不太支持这一看法。民族志材料显示,碉楼在当地

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