凉山彝族传统漆器手工艺的文化再生产

发布时间：2018-05-22 10:30

本文选题：凉山彝族 + 漆器工艺　；参考：《西南民族大学学报(人文社科版)》2015年07期

【摘要】：凉山彝族漆器原本是人们的生活实用器,改革开放后,随着民族文化的复兴,逐渐成为了凉山彝族最具代表性的象征符号之一。近十年来,漆器作为礼品、旅游工艺品的需求大大超过了作为实用器的需求。以"看"为主的消费超过了以"用"为主的实用性消费,消费市场可分为三类。漆器工匠的生产经营受到各种力量的影响,其中对工匠产生直接影响的是现代科技、直接相关的政策和消费市场。漆匠在与这些力量相互作用下形成了三种生产经营模式。其中,传统消费者和传统消费习俗是传统工艺得以保持、延续的动力和生命力。2007年以来,凉山彝族漆器制作技艺成为了省级、国家级的非物质文化遗产,非物质文化遗产的认定,只在一定程度上有利于凉山彝族传统漆艺的保护,而传承人的认定对传统漆艺的传承、保护利弊都不太大。为了凉山以礼品、旅游工艺品为主的化学漆器的生产能够可持续发展,为了更好地保护凉山彝族传统漆器工艺,应该认真实施《凉山彝族漆器地方标准》,建议在政府的主导下成立漆器工匠的行业协会,由工匠们自行管理。
[Abstract]:Liangshan Yi lacquer ware was originally a practical tool for people's life. After the reform and opening up, with the revival of national culture, it has gradually become one of the most representative symbols of Liangshan Yi nationality. In the past decade, the demand for lacquer ware as a gift and tourist handicraft has greatly exceeded the demand for utility. The consumption based on "see" exceeds the practical consumption of "use", and the consumer market can be divided into three categories. The production and management of lacquer craftsmen are influenced by various forces, among which modern technology, directly related policies and consumer markets have a direct impact on artisans. Painters interact with these forces to form three modes of production and management. Among them, traditional consumers and traditional consumption customs are the motive force and vitality of keeping and continuing traditional craftsmanship. Since 2007, Liangshan Yi lacquer making techniques have become provincial and national intangible cultural heritage. The identification of intangible cultural heritage is only beneficial to the protection of the traditional lacquer art of the Yi nationality in Liangshan to a certain extent, while the identification of the inheritor is not too good for the inheritance of the traditional lacquer art. In order for Liangshan to produce chemical lacquer ware which is mainly gifts and tourist handicrafts, and to better protect the traditional lacquerware technology of Liangshan Yi nationality, The local standard of lacquer ware of Yi nationality in Liangshan should be implemented conscientiously, and it is suggested that a professional association of lacquer craftsmen should be set up under the guidance of the government, which should be managed by the artisans themselves.
【作者单位】：西南民族大学民族研究院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“文化生态与少数民族传统手工艺遗产保护研究”(11BMZ033) 西南民族大学研究生学位点建设项目(2015XWD-B0304)阶段性成果
【分类号】：C95

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