葡萄品种资源灰霉病抗性鉴定及抗病与感病寄主抗氧化酶、活性氧和茉莉酸分析

发布时间：2021-02-14 06:04

　　葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）是世界上广泛栽培的果树作物,既可以鲜食,也可用来生产葡萄酒、果酱、果汁和果冻、种子浸提物、葡萄干、葡萄醋和葡萄籽油,因而具有巨大的经济价值。然而葡萄生产上灰霉病（Grey mould）却普遍发生,该病不仅是贮藏病害,更是葡萄生产田危害最大的病害之一,全球每年由灰霉病危害造成的减产损失为20⁴0%,严重的可达60%以上。灰霉病己成为限制我国葡萄产业发展的主要病害。课题组前期从国内外收集引进葡萄品种资源80余个,开展葡萄品种灰霉病抗性鉴定,筛选抗病品种资源,分析抗病、感病葡萄生理机制研究,为培育优质抗灰霉病葡萄新品种提供重要资源。1.对81个葡萄品种基因型的叶片进行了灰霉菌抗性离体接种结果显示,12个葡萄品种抗病（R）、25个易感病（S）和42个高度感病（HS）;随后研究了HR基因型葡萄“紫秋”（Vitis davidii）和HS基因型葡萄“雷司令”（V.vinifera）,通过离体叶片试验阐明了葡萄宿主对灰葡萄孢的抗性和敏感性机制,比较分析了接种灰霉菌后两种基因型葡萄上的真菌生长情况,活性氧（ROS）反应、茉莉酸（JA）水平... 

【文章来源】：西北农林科技大学陕西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：74 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER1 LITERATURE REVIEW
    1.1 Grapevines
    1.2 Botrytis cinerea
    1.3 Anti-oxidant Enzymes
    1.4 Reactive Oxygen Species
    1.5 Jasmonic Acid
CHAPTER2 Screening Vitis Genotypes for Responses to Botrytis cinerea and Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes,Reactive Oxygen Species and Jasmonic Acid in Resistant and Susceptible Hosts
    2.1 Objectives
    2.2 Materials and Methods
        2.2.1 Plant and Fungal Materials
        2.2.2 Detached Leaf Evaluation
        2.2.3 Disease Severity Rating
        2.2.4 Light Microscopy
        2.2.5 Scanning Electron Microscope（SEM）
        2.2.6 ROS Measurement
        2.2.7 Enzyme Extraction and Activity Assays
        2.2.8 JA Quantification in HR and HS Genotypes
        2.2.9 Statistical Analysis
    2.3 RESULTS
        2.3.1.Grape Genotypes Exhibit Different Levels of Resistance to B.cinerea
        2.3.2.B.cinerea Growth on the HR Genotype’Zi Qiu’and the HS Genotype‘Riesling’
        2.3.3.Activity of Peroxidase and Superoxide Dismutase in the HR genotype’Zi Qiu’and the HS Genotype‘Riesling’Infected by B.cinerea
        2.3.4.Hydrogen Peroxide（H2O2）Accumulation in HR’Zi Qiu’and HS‘Riesling’Leaves in Response to Infection with B.cinerea
        2.3.5.Accumulation of Superoxide Radicals（O2? ）in HR’Zi Qiu’and HS‘Riesling’Leaves in Response to Infection with B.cinerea
        2.3.6.Jasmonic Acid Levels in Leaves of the HR genotype‘Zi Qiu’and the HS Genotype‘Riesling’Following Inoculation with B.cinerea
        2.3.7.Pearson’s Correlation Coefficients
    2.4.Discussion
    2.5.Conclusions
CHAPTER3 In vitro evaluation of berries of various Vitis genotypes for disease resistance to Botrytis cinerea
    3.1.Objectives
    3.2.Materials and Methods
        3.2.1 Grape berries and fungal materials:
        3.2.2 Berry selection and inoculation:
        3.2.3 Disease severity rating:
        3.2.4 Light microscopy:
        3.2.5 Reactive oxygen species measurement:
        3.2.6 Enzyme extraction and activity assay:
        3.2.7 JA quantification:
        3.2.8 Statistical analysis:
    3.3 Results
2
? and H₂O₂ Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger:">        3.3.1 O2
? and H₂O₂ Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger:
        3.3.2 JA Levels in HR“Dong fang zhi xing”and HS“Gold finger”in Interaction with B.cinerea:
    3.4 Discussion
        3.4.1 Vitis genotypes Exhibited Different Levels of Resistance to B.cinerea:
        3.4.2 Activities of Malondialhydrate（MDA）,Superoxide and Dismutase Peroxidase in HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger Infected by B.cinerea
2
?and H₂O₂ Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger">        3.4.3 O_{2
?and H2O2 Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with HR Dong fang zhi xing and HS Gold finger
        3.4.4 JA Levels in HR“Dong fang zhi xing”and HS“Gold finger”in Interaction with B.cinerea
    3.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 Botrytis cinerea structural development and host responses in resistant and susceptible grapevine cultivars:A physiological and structural study
    4.1 Objectives:
    4.2 Materials and Methods:
        4.2.1 Plant and Fungal Material
        4.2.2 Disease incidence（%）
        4.2.3 Light Microscopy
        4.2.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy（SEM）
        4.2.5 Reactive Oxygen Species Measurement
        4.2.6 Statistical Analysis
    4.3 Results
        4.3.1.B.cinerea Growth on the Marselan and Blue French
        4.3.2 Activities of Peroxidase（POD）,Superoxide Dismutase（SOD）and Catalase（CAT）in Marselan and Blue French cultivars Infected with B.cinerea
2}O₂ Accumulation in B.cinerea inoculated cultivars Marselan and Blue French">        4.3.3 H₂O₂ Accumulation in B.cinerea inoculated cultivars Marselan and Blue French
2
? Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with Marselan and Blue French">        4.3.4.O2
? Accumulation in the Interactions of B.cinerea with Marselan and Blue French
    4.4 Discussion
Chapter5 Conclusions and Recommendations
References
Abbreviations
Acknowledgement
About Author


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]美国和我国新疆葡萄资源抗主要真菌病害的田间自然鉴定[J]. 吴行昶,刘楠,张剑侠,王跃进.  果树学报. 2011(05)



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