氮肥处理和害虫为害诱导的茄科植物挥发性有机化合物对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci（Hemiptera：Aleyrod
发布时间：2022-10-15 18:10
中东亚洲小型1（MEAM1）烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci（Gennadius）（半翅目:粉虱科）,是世界范围内重要的园艺,农艺和观赏作物害虫,可以危害六百多种植物,最初被认为是B型烟粉虱。植物释放的挥发性混合物在食草动物选择合适的宿主植物过程中发挥着重要作用。在此研究以前,我们对植物挥发物的了解还局限在不同茄科植物（茄子,番茄和甜椒）释放的挥发物对植食性昆虫寄主选择行为的影响;对于受草食动物损伤诱导的植物挥发物对食草动物宿主选择行为的影响也较少有研究。此外,植物的氮浓度会影响挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的排放,而且可能进一步影响食草动物的侵染行为,但相关研究相对较少。在本研究中,我们使用风洞和‘Y’型管嗅觉仪测定了烟粉虱对茄子、番茄和甜椒三种茄科植物的反应。我们还利用自由选择和嗅觉实验研究了:烟粉虱和桃蚜单独或共同取食番茄后,烟粉虱对番茄植物的侵染行为差异。此外,由于施用不同含量的氮素营养后番茄会产生不同水平的VOC;我们利用风洞和嗅觉仪检测了烟粉虱对上述番茄植物氮素营养处理后VOC的响应。同时,我们利用气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析和量化了的三种茄科植物（茄子、番茄和甜椒）...
【文章页数】：115 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER Ⅰ GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 IMPORTANCE OF WHITEFLY, BEMISIA TABACI
1.2.1 Host plants of Bemisia tabaci
1.2.2 Problems associated to Bemisia tabaci infestation in crop production
1.2.3 Problems related to the control of Bemisia tabaci
1.3 VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
1.3.1 Impact of plant volatiles on herbivorous insects
1.3.2 Impact of herbivore induced volatiles on the infestation behavior ofphytophagous insects
1.3.3 Impact of nitrogen on volatile production which influence on host plantselection of herbivorous insects
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE AND APPLICATION OF THIS STUDY
1.5 VIEWPOINT AND AIMS OF THIS STUDY
CHAPTER Ⅱ VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF EGGPLANT, TOMATOAND SWEET PEPPER AFFECT HOST PLANT SELECTION OF BEMISIA TABACI(HEMIPTERA:ALEYRODIDAE)
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.2.1 Host plants
2.2.2 Insect rearing
2.2.3 Chemicals
2.2.4 Wind tunnel bioassays
2.2.5 Olfactory preference test of Bemisia tabaci with Y-tube olfactometer
2.2.6 Volatile chemicals collection technique from plants
2.2.7 Analyses of volatile chemicals
2.2.8 Data analysis
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Wind tunnel choice test
2.3.2 Y-tube olfactometer test
2.3.3 Volatile organic compounds released from eggplant, tomato and sweet pepper
2.4 DISCUSSIONS
2.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER Ⅲ SINGLE AND MULTIPLE HERBIVORE-INDUCED VOLATILESREDUCE THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF TOMATO PLANTS TO BEMISIA TABACI(HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE)
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.2.1 Host plants
3.2.2 Insect rearing
3.2.3 Chemicals
3.2.4 Pre-infestation of host plants
3.2.5 Free-choice bioassay of Bemisia tabaci with healthy and infested tomato plants
3.2.6 Y-tube bioassays of Bemisia tabaci responses to olfactory cues
3.2.7 Repellency synthetic volatile chemicals added on healthy tomato plant toBemisia tabaci
3.2.8 Volatile chemicals collection procedure
3.2.9 Analysis of volatile compounds
3.2.10 Statistical analyses
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Free-choice bioassay of Bemisia tabaci among healthy and infested tomatoplants
3.3.2 Olfactory responses of Bemisia tabaci to healthy and infested tomato plantvolatiles, extracted plant volatiles and synthetic volatile components
3.3.3 Responses of Bemisia tabaci to synthetic volatile components added on healthytomato plant
3.3.4 Collection and identification of volatiles
3.4 DISCUSSION
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER Ⅳ HIGH LEVEL OF NITROGEN MAKES TOMATO PLANTSRELEASING LESS VOLATILES AND ATTRACTING MORE BEMISIA TABACI(HEMIPTERA:ALEYRODIDAE)
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
4.2.1 Plant growth and fertilization
4.2.2 Insect rearing
4.2.3 Wind tunnel bioassays
4.2.4 Olfactory choice test with Y-tube olfactometer
4.2.5 Determination of nitrogen from tomato plants
4.2.6 Volatile compound collection from nitrogen applied tomato plants
4.2.7 Analysis of volatile compounds
4.2.8 Statistical analyses
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Two-way choice tests conducted in a wind tunnel
4.3.2 Olfactory bioassay with Y-tube olfactometer
4.3.3 Amounts of nitrogen in tomato plants
4.3.4 Volatile organic compounds identified from intact tomato plants afterapplication of different levels of nitrogen, quantity of volatile constituents andcorrelation between nitrogen levels
4.4 DISCUSSION
4.5 CONCLUSIONS
LITERATURES CITED
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR'S PROFILE
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO THIS DEGREE
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]西花蓟马诱导的番茄植株防御反应对B型烟粉虱行为的影响[J]. 李晓星,郦卫弟,吕要斌. 昆虫学报. 2012(05)
[2]抑制剂存在下不同种群烟粉虱乙酰胆碱酯酶残余活性频率分布及其与抗药性的关系[J]. 何玉仙,赵建伟,黄建,翁启勇,梁智生. 昆虫学报. 2009(12)
[3]Invasive mechanism and management strategy of Bemisia tabaci（Gennadius） biotype B:Progress report of 973 Program on invasive alien species in China[J]. WAN FangHao1,ZHANG GuiFen1,LIU ShuSheng2,LUO Chen3,CHU Dong4,ZHANG YouJun4,ZANG LianSheng2,JIU Min2,Lü ZhiChuang1,CUI XuHong1,ZHANG LiPing4,ZHANG Fan3,ZHANG QingWen5,LIU WanXue1,LIANG Pei5,LEI ZhongRen1 ＆ ZHANG YongJun1 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Acadeny of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;2 Institute of Applied Entomology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029,China;3 Institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100089,China;4 Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Acadeny of Agricullare Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;5 Department of Entomology,China Agriculture University,Beijing 100094,China. Science in China（Series C:Life Sciences）. 2009(01)
[4]B型烟粉虱对三种寄主植物及其挥发物的行为反应[J]. 曹凤勤,刘万学,范中南,万方浩,程立生. 昆虫学报. 2008(08)
[5]B型烟粉虱成虫对五种寄主植物的取食和产卵行为[J]. 林克剑,吴孔明,张永军,郭予元. 植物保护学报. 2008(03)
[6]温室白粉虱的性行为[J]. 李祖荫,乌里希.马施维茨. 昆虫学报. 1985(02)
本文编号：3691788
【文章页数】：115 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER Ⅰ GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 IMPORTANCE OF WHITEFLY, BEMISIA TABACI
1.2.1 Host plants of Bemisia tabaci
1.2.2 Problems associated to Bemisia tabaci infestation in crop production
1.2.3 Problems related to the control of Bemisia tabaci
1.3 VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
1.3.1 Impact of plant volatiles on herbivorous insects
1.3.2 Impact of herbivore induced volatiles on the infestation behavior ofphytophagous insects
1.3.3 Impact of nitrogen on volatile production which influence on host plantselection of herbivorous insects
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE AND APPLICATION OF THIS STUDY
1.5 VIEWPOINT AND AIMS OF THIS STUDY
CHAPTER Ⅱ VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF EGGPLANT, TOMATOAND SWEET PEPPER AFFECT HOST PLANT SELECTION OF BEMISIA TABACI(HEMIPTERA:ALEYRODIDAE)
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.2.1 Host plants
2.2.2 Insect rearing
2.2.3 Chemicals
2.2.4 Wind tunnel bioassays
2.2.5 Olfactory preference test of Bemisia tabaci with Y-tube olfactometer
2.2.6 Volatile chemicals collection technique from plants
2.2.7 Analyses of volatile chemicals
2.2.8 Data analysis
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Wind tunnel choice test
2.3.2 Y-tube olfactometer test
2.3.3 Volatile organic compounds released from eggplant, tomato and sweet pepper
2.4 DISCUSSIONS
2.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER Ⅲ SINGLE AND MULTIPLE HERBIVORE-INDUCED VOLATILESREDUCE THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF TOMATO PLANTS TO BEMISIA TABACI(HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE)
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.2.1 Host plants
3.2.2 Insect rearing
3.2.3 Chemicals
3.2.4 Pre-infestation of host plants
3.2.5 Free-choice bioassay of Bemisia tabaci with healthy and infested tomato plants
3.2.6 Y-tube bioassays of Bemisia tabaci responses to olfactory cues
3.2.7 Repellency synthetic volatile chemicals added on healthy tomato plant toBemisia tabaci
3.2.8 Volatile chemicals collection procedure
3.2.9 Analysis of volatile compounds
3.2.10 Statistical analyses
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Free-choice bioassay of Bemisia tabaci among healthy and infested tomatoplants
3.3.2 Olfactory responses of Bemisia tabaci to healthy and infested tomato plantvolatiles, extracted plant volatiles and synthetic volatile components
3.3.3 Responses of Bemisia tabaci to synthetic volatile components added on healthytomato plant
3.3.4 Collection and identification of volatiles
3.4 DISCUSSION
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER Ⅳ HIGH LEVEL OF NITROGEN MAKES TOMATO PLANTSRELEASING LESS VOLATILES AND ATTRACTING MORE BEMISIA TABACI(HEMIPTERA:ALEYRODIDAE)
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
4.2.1 Plant growth and fertilization
4.2.2 Insect rearing
4.2.3 Wind tunnel bioassays
4.2.4 Olfactory choice test with Y-tube olfactometer
4.2.5 Determination of nitrogen from tomato plants
4.2.6 Volatile compound collection from nitrogen applied tomato plants
4.2.7 Analysis of volatile compounds
4.2.8 Statistical analyses
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Two-way choice tests conducted in a wind tunnel
4.3.2 Olfactory bioassay with Y-tube olfactometer
4.3.3 Amounts of nitrogen in tomato plants
4.3.4 Volatile organic compounds identified from intact tomato plants afterapplication of different levels of nitrogen, quantity of volatile constituents andcorrelation between nitrogen levels
4.4 DISCUSSION
4.5 CONCLUSIONS
LITERATURES CITED
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR'S PROFILE
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO THIS DEGREE
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]西花蓟马诱导的番茄植株防御反应对B型烟粉虱行为的影响[J]. 李晓星,郦卫弟,吕要斌. 昆虫学报. 2012(05)
[2]抑制剂存在下不同种群烟粉虱乙酰胆碱酯酶残余活性频率分布及其与抗药性的关系[J]. 何玉仙,赵建伟,黄建,翁启勇,梁智生. 昆虫学报. 2009(12)
[3]Invasive mechanism and management strategy of Bemisia tabaci（Gennadius） biotype B:Progress report of 973 Program on invasive alien species in China[J]. WAN FangHao1,ZHANG GuiFen1,LIU ShuSheng2,LUO Chen3,CHU Dong4,ZHANG YouJun4,ZANG LianSheng2,JIU Min2,Lü ZhiChuang1,CUI XuHong1,ZHANG LiPing4,ZHANG Fan3,ZHANG QingWen5,LIU WanXue1,LIANG Pei5,LEI ZhongRen1 ＆ ZHANG YongJun1 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Acadeny of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;2 Institute of Applied Entomology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029,China;3 Institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100089,China;4 Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Acadeny of Agricullare Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;5 Department of Entomology,China Agriculture University,Beijing 100094,China. Science in China（Series C:Life Sciences）. 2009(01)
[4]B型烟粉虱对三种寄主植物及其挥发物的行为反应[J]. 曹凤勤,刘万学,范中南,万方浩,程立生. 昆虫学报. 2008(08)
[5]B型烟粉虱成虫对五种寄主植物的取食和产卵行为[J]. 林克剑,吴孔明,张永军,郭予元. 植物保护学报. 2008(03)
[6]温室白粉虱的性行为[J]. 李祖荫,乌里希.马施维茨. 昆虫学报. 1985(02)
本文编号：3691788
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