大亚湾核电厂氢气风险缓解措施分析

发布时间：2022-07-13 21:53

　　核电厂（NPPs）正日益成为一个可行的替代能源基地。核电厂的安全问题在很大程度上得到了缓解,这要归功于严格的设计和核工业以安全为重点的态度。国际核工业界正在付出巨大的努力来提高核电站的设计,仪表控制水平,以进一步提高核电站的效率和安全性。尽管有多种预防措施,但仍然有多种灾难性事故发生,并将其摧毁。本文就考虑这样的一个事故序列SBLOCA。丧失冷却剂事故（LOCA）,可能会导致安全壳内氢气的聚积。如果聚集的氢气不能及时消除,安全壳内的气体混合物可能在合适的条件下发生燃爆,这样的燃爆就有可能涉及到安全壳的完整性问题。一个足够强大的燃爆足以摧毁安全壳,从而反应堆最后的安全屏障破坏,放射性碎片就会泄漏到环境中。本文以大亚湾核电站为背景,研究了1号SG（蒸汽发生器）隔间发生小破口丧失冷却剂事故。并用GASFLOW软件进行建模和仿真。并得到了两种情形下：（i）投入缓解措施,（ii）不投入缓解措施,安全壳内氢气的分布。并模拟得到了诸如温度,压力,气体混合物的体积分数,火焰加速风险等描述混合物行为的关键参数。两种情形下氢气行为的差异将有助于我们了解燃爆的可能性以及并在大亚湾安全壳内缓解措施的成效。分析... 

【文章页数】：68 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Nomenclature
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Background and Significance
    1.2 Research Status
        1.2.1 Research Status:Abroad
            1.2.1.1 Hydrogen Management Strategies
            1.2.1.2 Advances in Simulation Codes
            1.2.1.3 Advances in Experimental Setups
        1.2.2 Reseatch Status:China
    1.3 Thesis Outline
Chapter 2 Hydrogen Risk and it's Mitigation
    2.1 Hydrogen Risk
    2.2 Hydrogen Risk Mitigation
        2.2.1 Pre-inerting of Containment
        2.2.2 Post-inerting of Containment
        2.2.3 Post-accident Dilution
        2.2.4 Early Venting
        2.2.5 Deliberate Ignition
            2.2.5.1 Glow Plug Igniters
            2.2.5.2 Spark Igniters
            2.2.5.3 Catalytic Igniters
        2.2.6 Spontaneous Ignition
        2.2.7 Catalytic Recombination
        2.2.8 Mixed Measures
            2.2.8.1 Catalytic Recombiners and Igniters
            2.2.8.2 Catalytic Recombination and Post-CO_2 Injection
Chapter 3 Modeling of DayaBay NPP Containment
    3.1 DayaBay NPP
        3.1.1 Reactor Coolant System(RCP)
    3.2 GASFLOW
        3.2.1 Introduction
        3.2.2 GASLFOW Physical Model
            3.2.2.1 Hydrodynamic Model
            3.2.2.2 Heat Transfer and Phase Change Model
            3.2.2.3 κ-ε Turbulence Model
        3.2.3 Hydrogen Igniter Model
        3.2.4 Passive Hydrogen Recombiner Model
        3.2.5 Hydrogen Risk Analysis Criteria
    3.3 GASFLOW model of DayaBay NPP
        3.3.1 Choose Coordinate System
        3.3.2 Define Mesh
        3.3.3 Model the Physical Objects
        3.3.4 Define Initial Conditions and Gas Source(s)
            3.3.4.1 Hydrogen Source
        3.3.5 Implement Hydrogen Risk Mitigation Measures
        3.3.6 Set Simulation Parameters
Chapter 4 Simulation Results
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Recommendations
    5.1 Conclusion
    5.2 Recommendations
References
Acknowledgements
About the Author



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