明代旅游图书研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 15:40

本文关键词： 明代旅游图书旅游　出处：《南开大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：旅游图书是指能够为游人及旅行者提供交通、食宿、地理、名胜、古迹、山川、园林、风土、物产等旅游知识及旅行信息指南的图书。由于受时代的局限，中国古代虽然尚未出现一部现代严格意义上的旅游图书，即或冠以“旅游”二字之名的图书，或集交通、食宿、购物、景点、风俗、气候等内容于一身的图书。但是，伴随着旅游活动的出现，介绍有关地理地貌、山川形胜、交通路程、风土人情等图书不断涌现，这些图书或多或少都为人们的出行提供了一定的信息，无疑可以归属于旅游图书之列。明代旅游图书应该说是进入了中国古代旅游图书发展的兴盛时期。这一时期的旅游图书无论在数量、种类上还是地域分布上均有了很大的拓展。因此，这是一个值得关注的重要课题。此前，学术界已有了一定的研究，并取得了一些成果。但是，这些成果大多只是从某一角度、某一侧面进行了考察，尚未从总体上对其进行系统、综合整理和研究。基于此，本文以“明代旅游图书研究”为题，分八个部分加以论述。第一部分为“绪论”。本部分主要对文章选题缘由及研究对象、以往相关的学术研究状况、依据的史料、运用的史学理论及研究方法、文章的结构与内容、研究价值、意义及创新等问题进行了阐述。第二部分“明代以前旅游图书的起源与发展”。该部分考察了明代以前旅游图书的发展状况，将明代以前旅游图书的发展划分为四个阶段：先秦时期——旅游图书的雏形时期，秦汉至魏晋南北朝时期——旅游图书的初步发展时期，隋唐时期——旅游图书的繁盛期，以及宋元时期——旅游图书进一步发展时期。第三部分“明代旅游图书的类型”。该部分分析了明代旅游图书的类型包括路程类、游记类、名胜古迹及风土人情类、地方志四类。其中，路程类图书有交通舆地图、路程书，分析了明代交通舆地图及路程书的发展状况，并列举了明代的舆地图和几部常见的路程书。本章还论述了明代游记图书的发展概况，并对明代的名胜古迹及风土人情类图书进行了详尽地介绍，考察了明代方志中所包涵的丰富的旅游信息资源。第四部分“明代旅游图书的地域分布”。本部分分析了明代旅游图书的地域分布，以南北直隶地区、江南地区、江北地区、西南地区、边疆少数民族地区、外国六个区域为纲，对明代各地区旅游图书的书目、作者、卷数、编修时间、版本、存佚情况进行了系统地整理及考辨，并具体分析了各地旅游图书的地域分布情况。第五部分“明代旅游图书的作者”。本部分将旅游图书的作者分为官修者和私撰者，分别指出了官修者与私撰者的作者群体特点。明代的官修者包括敕修图书的编撰人员及地方官修图书的编修人员，敕修图书的编纂者多为翰林人员，地方官修图书作者成分较复杂，有地方各级官员、学校教授及生员、地方名儒、士大夫及文学士。从总体上来看，这些官修者均具有较高的文学素养。明代旅游图书的私撰者大多来自于江南，以浙江、江苏籍为最多，他们的身份较复杂，有官员、商人、百姓、僧人。他们多为进士、举人出生，热爱文学、善诗书、工书画，具有文墨特长外，还喜爱游历山水。除此以外，，本章还对明代著名旅行家徐霞客、王士性的生平及其旅游图书进行了介绍。第六部分“明代旅游图书的特点及价值”。本部分分析了明代旅游图书的特点及价值，明代旅游图书的特点主要有以下三点：首先，从时间上看，明朝前期、中期、后期旅游图书的发展呈现不平衡性。其次，从地域空间上分析，经济、文化发展程度较高的地区，旅游图书的分布就多，反之就少。再次，明代的旅游图书渐由大部头的知识型向便携、实用型转变。由于明代旅游图书记载的内容丰富，因此对史料学、旅游学、地理学方面的研究具有重要的价值。在史料学方面，图书中所保存的大量政治、经济、文化、军事资料，为这些方面的研究提供了大量史料；在旅游方面，一方面宣传了旅游景点，另一方面为游人提供了交通指南及导游，此外，还介绍了明代文人的旅游观及游道，对现代人的旅游观念仍具有启发性；在地理学上，对自然地理及人文地理方面的记载，反映了明人对自然地理现象的科学认识及地理环境的决定论的观念。第七部分“明代旅游图书兴盛的原因”。本部分探讨了明代旅游图书兴盛的原因，认为其原因主要有以下若干方面：第一，明朝中央及地方政府均支持编修旅游类图书。第二，明朝外交活动的频繁，促进了关于介绍外国历史文化、风土人情、交通地理类图书的发展。第三，明代中后期商品经济的发展为旅游图书的兴盛提供了一定的经济基础。第四，明代全国水、陆交通的发达，不仅成为明代旅游活动频繁的原因之一，而且推动了大量路程书的出现。第五，明中后期出现的旅游热潮，成为旅游图书兴盛的直接诱因。最后，明代刻书业及印刷业的发展，为旅游图书的兴盛提供了技术条件。第八部分“结语”，论述了明代旅游图书的现实意义。明代旅游图书所记载的旅行信息及旅游知识，不仅为当时的旅行者提供了旅游信息指南，而且其图书保存至今，还为今人了解古代的交通地理、山川名胜、风土人情、物产资源等提供了大量的文字资料，尤其对发展现代旅游业具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Tourism books refer to books that can provide tourists and travelers with travel knowledge and travel information guides such as transportation , lodging , geography , scenic spots , historic sites , mountains , rivers , gardens , scenic spots , cultural relics , etc . The tourism books in Ming Dynasty should be said to have entered the prosperous period of the development of ancient Chinese tourism books . The tourism books in this period have been greatly expanded in terms of quantity , type and geographical distribution . Therefore , this is an important topic worthy of attention . However , most of these achievements have been studied in a certain angle and a certain side , and have not been systematically , comprehensively collated and studied . The first part is " Introduction " . This part mainly discusses the causes and the research object , the relevant academic research situation , the historical theory and the research method , the structure and content , the research value , the significance and the innovation of the article . The second part is " the origin and development of tourism books before Ming Dynasty " . This part examines the development of tourism books before Ming Dynasty , and divides the development of tourism books before Ming Dynasty into four stages : the embryonic period of the period of pre - Qin period , the period of Qin and Han to Wei , Jin , Southern and Northern Dynasties , the initial development period of tourism book , the flourishing period of the Sui and Tang period _ tourist book , and the period of further development of tourist book during the Song and Yuan period . The third part analyzes the types of tourism books in Ming Dynasty . This part analyzes the types of tourism books in Ming Dynasty , including distance class , recreation class , famous historic sites and customs and local chronicles . Among them , the course books have transportation and map , distance books , the analysis of the development of the transportation and map and distance books in Ming Dynasty . The present chapter also discusses the development of Ming Dynasty tourism books , and gives a detailed introduction to Ming Dynasty ' s famous historical sites and customs books , and explores the rich tourism information resources included in Ming Dynasty ' s Fang Zhi . The fourth part analyzes the geographical distribution of tourism books in Ming Dynasty . This part analyses the geographical distribution of tourism books in Ming Dynasty , the areas of the North Zhili , Jiangxi , Jiangxi , Southwest , frontier minority areas and foreign six regions . The author systematically arranges and analyzes the book , author , number , time , version and storage of tourism books in different regions of Ming Dynasty , and analyzes the geographical distribution of tourism books in different regions . In the fifth part , the author divides the author of tourism books into official and private writers , and points out the characteristics of the author groups of official and private writers . In general , the author points out that the writers of the Ming Dynasty have higher literary accomplishment . In general , the writers of the Ming Dynasty are Han Lin , and the local officials , businessmen , people and monks . Besides , this chapter also introduces the famous travellers of Ming Dynasty , Xu Xiake , Wang Shi and their tourist books . This part analyzes the characteristics and value of tourism books in Ming Dynasty . In this part , the characteristics and values of tourism books in Ming Dynasty are analyzed . The article discusses the reasons for the prosperity of tourism books in Ming Dynasty . This part discusses the reasons for the prosperity of tourism books in Ming Dynasty . The second , Ming Dynasty central and local governments support the development of tourism books . Third , the development of commodity economy in the middle and late Ming Dynasty promoted the development of tourism books . Finally , the development of tourism industry and printing industry in Ming Dynasty and Ming Dynasty provided technical conditions for the prosperity of tourism books . The eighth part discusses the practical significance of the tourism books in Ming Dynasty . The travel information and the knowledge of tourism recorded by the Ming Dynasty tourism books not only provide the tourist information guide for the travelers at the time , but also provide a great deal of textual information about the ancient transportation geography , mountains and rivers , customs and resources , etc . , which has important practical significance for the development of modern tourism .

【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G239.29;K248

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