委托创作著作权侵权民事责任研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 08:03

本文选题：委托创作　切入点：著作权侵权民事责任　出处：《广西师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代社会,专业化分工越来越细致,各领域职业分工越来越高度专业化,而这种社会高度分工的格局在著作权领域最明显的表现之一就是委托创作日益普遍。委托创作满足了委托人对特定作品的需求,也实现了受托人专业知识的社会价值与经济价值。但与此同时,委托创作中侵犯第三人著作权的案例也越来越多,越来越复杂。而对于这一社会问题,由于理论研究上针对性不足和立法上不够完善,使司法实践中判决的法律适用不统一,责任承担方式不一致,导致出现同案不同判和责任分配不合理等问题,未能实现司法审判社会效果的最大化。因此,对委托创作著作权侵权民事责任(文中简称委托创作著作权侵权责任)进行深入研究,具有重大的理论意义与现实意义。委托创作著作权侵权责任可能涉及到民事责任、刑事责任和行政责任,但本文仅对与委托创作著作权侵权有关的民事责任进行研究,并对其加以类型化整合,明确其适用规则,实现侵权责任的合理分配,为司法实践提供理论支持。具体思路是,首先从厘清一些主要概念入手,接着依委托创作著作权侵权的现实表现形式,把委托创作著作权侵权责任分为三大类,即受托人的单独侵权责任、委托人的替代侵权责任,以及委托人和受托人的共同侵权责任。最后按照基本理论、责任归责原则、责任构成要件和民事责任方式展开类型化分析。全文共分为引言、正文和结论三大部分。论文的引言部分介绍了本文研究的背景和研究的意义、国内外研究现状、研究内容和研究方法,以及创新和不足。正文共分五个部分：第一部分“委托创作的概念、特征及委托创作合同的性质”主要是对委托创作的基本理论进行阐述。这个部分首先界定委托创作的概念,并分析委托创作的特征,从分析委托创作的特征可知,委托创作中容易产生对第三人的著作权侵权问题。接着对委托创作合同的性质进行分析,明确委托创作合同是一种无名合同,所以在发生委托创作著作权侵权纠纷时,不适用目前与有名合同相关的侵权责任承担方式,而应对其做深入研究。第二部分“委托创作著作权侵权责任的基本理论和责任类型”通过对委托创作著作权侵权责任的概念、特征、侵权表现形式进行分析,并与一般著作权侵权责任作比较,指出应当将委托创作著作权责任作类型化研究。然后依据委托创作侵权的特征和现实表现形式,将委托创作著作权侵权责任分为三大类：受托人的单独侵权责任、委托人的替代侵权责任,以及委托人和受托人的共同侵权责任。这是本文的创新点所在。第三部分“受托人单独侵权责任研究”主要是从受托人侵权责任类型、责任归责原则、责任构成要件和民事责任方式等方面,对受托人单独著作权侵权责任进行系统分析。因替代侵权责任制度的存在,受托人对第三人并非一定承担完全的自己责任,受托人责任的承担方式在委托人替代侵权责任的论述中加以明确。第四部分“委托人的替代侵权责任研究”主要结合一般替代侵权责任理论和受托人单独侵权责任理论展开论述。在明确一般理论的基础上对委托人替代侵权责任进行分析,接着在受托人单独侵权责任的基础上,依委托人和受托人过错程度,把委托人替代责任承担方式分为四种,即委托人的完全替代责任、委托人的补充连带责任、委托人和受托人的按份责任及委托人和受托人的连带责任。替代侵权责任制度一方面体现了民法上责任报偿理论和公平原则,另一方面,也促使委托人对受托人的创作行为尽合理审查注意义务与监控义务,减少委托创作中侵权行为的发生。第五部“委托人和受托人共同侵权责任研究”结合共同侵权责任的一般理论和一般著作权侵权责任理论展开论述。依据委托人和受托人共同侵权的三种不同的侵权表现形式,在归责原则、责任构成要件和民事责任方式等方面作了区别分析,同时也对委托人和受托人的相关责任问题作了区别对待,力求在责任分配上体现民法上的责任自负原则及公平原则,同时也充分保障第三人的权利救济。研究结果表明,通过对委托创作著作权侵权责任的类型化分析,在不同的责任类型中,合理分配委托人和受托人的著作权侵权民事责任,既体现了民法上的责任报偿理论、责任自负原则及公平原则,也有利于充分保障第三人著作权的权利救济和提高司法效益。同时在合理的责任分配格局之下,使委托人和受托人在委托创作中权衡侵权成本,一定程度上遏制了委托创作著作权侵权行为的产生,有利于委托创作市场和谐有序地发展。
[Abstract]:In modern society, specialization and more detailed, the occupation division of labor is more and more highly specialized, and one of the high division this social pattern of the most obvious in the field of copyright is increasingly common. Commissioned commissioned to meet client needs of specific works, also realize the social value and economic value of the trustee professional knowledge. But at the same time, commissioned in third copyright infringement cases are more and more, more and more complex. For this social problem, because the theoretical research on the shortcomings and the legislation is not perfect, the judgment in the judicial practice of the applicable law is not uniform, the responsibility is not the same, leading to the problem of different co contracting and responsibility allocation is not reasonable, to maximize the social effect of the trial failed to achieve justice. Therefore, the entrust creation copyrights infringement civil liability (Wen Zhongjian It is of great theoretical and practical significance to carry on the in-depth study of the liability for copyright infringement of entrustment creation.
Commissioned the creation of copyright infringement liability may involve civil liability, criminal liability and administrative liability, but this paper only to copyrights infringement of entrust creation related to civil responsibility, and classify them in its integration, clear the applicable rules, reasonable allocation of tort liability, and provide theoretical support for the judicial practice. The first idea is to clarify the main concepts, then according to the practical manifestation of entrust creation copyrights infringement, copyright infringement liability of entrust creation is divided into three categories, namely the trustee of the separate tort liability, vicarious liability of the trustee and Trustor and trustee of the common tort liability. Finally, according to the the basic theory, principles of liability, liability and civil liability way type analysis.
The full text is divided into the introduction, the main body and the conclusion are three parts.
The introduction of this paper introduces the background and significance of the study, the status quo at home and abroad, the content and methods of research, and the innovation and deficiency.
The main body of the text is divided into five parts:
The first part of the concept of "commissioned the creation, the nature and characteristics of entrust creation contract is mainly on the basic theory of entrust creation in this paper. This part first defines the concept of entrust creation, and analyze the characteristics of entrust creation, features can be seen from the analysis of entrust creation, entrusted to the third party copyright infringement prone to creation the problem. Then carried on the analysis to the nature of the entrust creation contract, clear the entrust creation contract is a contract, so in the event of entrust creation copyright infringement, tort liability does not apply at present and famous contract undertaking, and it should be further researched.
The second part is the basic theory and the type of responsibility "commissioned the copyright infringement liability through the concept of copyright infringement liability of entrust creation characteristics, analysis of tort forms, and general copyright infringement liability comparison, points out that we should entrust creation copyright responsibility as the type of research. Then the characteristics and creation of tort according to the principal form of reality, will entrust creation copyrights infringement liability is divided into three categories: Trustee separate tort liability, vicarious liability of the trustee and Trustor and trustee of the common tort liability. This is the innovation point of this thesis.
The third part of the "tort liability of trustee alone" is mainly from the type of tort liability of trustee, the imputation principle of liability, constitutive elements and methods of civil liability, the trustee to separate the copyright infringement liability system is analyzed. Because of the vicarious liability system, the trustee must bear full responsibility for their own third is not the way, bear the fiduciary responsibility of vicarious liability in the statement of the consignor to be clear.
The fourth part "the vicarious liability of consignor of main general combination of vicarious liability theory and the trustee separate tort liability theory. Based on the general theory of the vicarious liability of consignor is analyzed, then based on the trustee separate tort liability, in accordance with the trustor and trustee of the degree of fault, the principal alternative responsibility is divided into four kinds, namely the client completely vicarious liability, joint liability of the principal, the principal and the agent and the joint liability and trustee. The vicarious liability system on the one hand reflects the principles of liability repay and fairness on the other. On the one hand, also contributed to the principal creative behavior of the trustee's duty of reasonable review and monitoring obligation, reduce the tort in the creation.
The general theory and general works fifth "and trustee of common tort liability" with common tort liability of tort liability theory. According to three different forms of infringement and trustee of joint tort, the principle of imputation, constitutive elements of liability and the civil liability for the way the difference analysis, but also to the trustor and trustee responsible for distinction, in order to reflect the distribution of burden of civil law on the responsibility principle and the principle of fairness, but also to fully protect the third person's right relief.
The research results show that the copyright infringement liability of entrust creation type analysis, in different types of responsibility, reasonable allocation and trustee of the copyright infringement civil liability, not only embodies the civil responsibility compensation theory, responsibility principle and the fair principle, but also conducive to the relief and improve judicial efficiency to fully protect the third party copyright rights. At the same time under the responsibility of reasonable distribution of the pattern, the trustor and trustee in weighing the cost of infringement in the creation of trust, to some extent curb the copyrights infringement of entrust creation behavior, is conducive to the harmonious and orderly development of the market commissioned.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.41

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