基于蚁群算法的图书物流车辆路径规划问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 11:23

本文选题：图书物流 + 车辆路径规划　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放三十多年来,中国的的社会及经济情况发生了天翻地覆的变化,人均GDP在2001年就已突破了1000美元大关。随着经济的快速发展,中国人民已经由温饱向着小康生活迈进,人们的物质文化需求也在很大程度上得到了满足。与此同时,人们的精神文化需求日益强烈。书籍作为人类知识与智慧的重要载体,在满足人们日益丰富的精神文化需求方面起着重要作用。相关机构的研究数据表明,自2001年起,图书出版与发行业一直保持平稳快速增长,这在一定程度上解决了人们日益增长的精神文化需求,但仍然有相当一部分读者需求不能够及时的得到满足。图书物流作为沟通供应商与读者的重要桥梁和渠道,其在满足广大读者的需求方面承担着重要的作用。稳定高效的图书物流运作系统,一方面能够保证读者得到准确及时的服务,另一方面也有利于降低图书物流的运作成本。车辆路径问题(VRP, Vehicle Routing Problem)是近几十年来运筹学、应用数学、网络分析、图论、计算机应用及交通运输等学科研究的一个热点问题。VRP问题作为一个NP (Non-deterministic Polynomial),随着客户数量的增加,可选的配送路径方案数量将以指数速度急剧增长。因此,用启发式算法求解该问题就成为人们研究的一个重要方向。蚁群算法是一种新兴的启发式算法。它具有正反馈、并行计算、较强的鲁棒性等诸多特点,在很多领域有着广泛的应用。在图书物流广泛发展的大环境和背景下,本文结合图书物流的发展情况对图书物流配送路径规划问题进行了研究。主要的研究内容有以下几个方面： 1、结合图书零售业连锁经营的现状和图书物流多品种小批量的特点,建立了基于成本改进的图书零售联合配送车辆路径规划模型。针对传统会计核算体系在物流成本分析方面的不足,引入作业成本法对模型的成本目标进行了改进。 2、运用蚁群算法对建立的模型进行求解。针对基本蚁群算法收敛速度过快及容易早熟的特点,提出一种基于信息素挥发系数动态调整的改进模式。 3、结合某图书物流中心的配送实例,进行案例分析,验证了模型的有效性；通过算法的比较分析,证明针对信息素的改进有较好的性能。
[Abstract]:China's social and economic situation has changed dramatically since the reform and opening up for more than 30 years, and the per capita GDP exceeded the $1000 mark in 2001. With the rapid development of economy, the Chinese people have moved from food and clothing to a comfortable life, and their material and cultural needs have been satisfied to a great extent. At the same time, people's spiritual and cultural needs are increasingly strong. As an important carrier of human knowledge and wisdom, books play an important role in meeting people's increasingly rich spiritual and cultural needs. Research data from relevant institutions show that since 2001, the book publishing and distribution industry has maintained a steady and rapid growth, which to some extent has solved the growing spiritual and cultural needs of people. However, there is still a considerable number of reader needs can not be met in time. As an important bridge and channel of communication between suppliers and readers, book logistics plays an important role in meeting the needs of readers. On the one hand, a stable and efficient book logistics operation system can ensure the readers to get accurate and timely service, on the other hand, it is helpful to reduce the operating cost of book logistics. Vehicle routing problem (Vehicle Routing problem) is a hot issue in the field of operational research, applied mathematics, network analysis, graph theory, computer application, transportation and so on in recent decades. The number of alternative distribution path schemes will increase exponentially. Therefore, using heuristic algorithm to solve this problem has become an important research direction. Ant colony algorithm is a new heuristic algorithm. It has many characteristics, such as positive feedback, parallel computing, strong robustness and so on. It has been widely used in many fields. Under the environment and background of the extensive development of book logistics, this paper studies the distribution path planning of book logistics combined with the development of book logistics. The main research contents are as follows: 1. Combined with the current situation of book retail chain operation and the characteristics of multi-variety and small batch of book logistics, this paper establishes the vehicle routing planning model based on cost improvement for joint distribution of book retailing. Aiming at the deficiency of traditional accounting system in logistics cost analysis, this paper introduces activity-based costing method to improve the cost target of the model. 2. Ant colony algorithm is used to solve the model. An improved model based on pheromone volatilization coefficient dynamic adjustment is proposed to solve the problem that the convergence speed of basic ant colony algorithm is too fast and it is easy to prematurity. 3. Combining with the distribution example of a book logistics center, a case study is carried out to verify the validity of the model, and through the comparison and analysis of the algorithm, it is proved that the improvement of pheromone has better performance.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G239.23;F253.9

【引证文献】