对我国著作权法“时事新闻”相关规定的解读与重构

发布时间：2018-04-20 14:31

本文选题：时事新闻 + 单纯事实消息　；参考：《华东政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国《著作权法》规定“时事新闻不适用于著作权法”，并将“时事新闻”定义为“通过报纸、期刊、广播电台、电视台等媒体报道的单纯事实消息”。然而，法律界与新闻界对相关规定的存在有着不同理解，导致了法律实践中标准不一、新闻实践中侵权频发。因此，有必要对相关规定进行深入分析。 “导言”第一部分对选题目的进行了介绍。第二部分“文献综述”通过对国内外相关论文、论著等进行分析总结，可以看出：国内普遍将《著作权法》中的“时事新闻”作为表达看待，并以此为基础展开论证；其他国家和地区的学者则区分了新闻及其报道的不同属性，并列举了一些独创性的判断要素。第三部分“研究方法”则介绍了本文四种研究方法：法律分析、案例分析、比较法研究以及跨学科研究。第一章“对‘时事新闻’相关规定的解读：当前我国法律实践”对我国当前的立法、司法实践进行介绍，为后文的论证打下基础。第一节先对法律规定进行了总结，然后通过条文释义、上下文解释、中英文对照等方法对相关规定进行了比较分析，得出“时事新闻”应当是事实、事件，而不是表达。正是由于立法者没有对时事新闻及其报道进行准确的区分，致使法条本身的措词容易产生歧义，并导致司法实践中尺度的不一致。第二节通过三个案例对相关规定的适用进行了分析，指出一方面法院在规定的适用上缺少明确的统一标准，另一方面，相关法律规定的适用可能导致审判逻辑的不畅。因此，有必要重新审视相关规定。第二章“对“时事新闻”相关规定的再解读：时事新闻的本质界定”关注“时事新闻”的本质属性问题。第一节从国际公约层面和域外法层面，通过对不同国家和地区的相关法律规定进行比较，可以看出，这些国家和地区都对表达与非表达作出了严格的区分。同时，，英美法系版权法一般未采用排除性方法确定版权客体，也无针对时事新闻进行规定；大陆法系著作权法则分为两类，一类是规定不保护时事新闻报道中的事实，另一类是规定不保护对事实的单纯报道。我国目前《著作权法》的规定指向的应是报道中的事实。基于此，第二节对相关规定的学理基础进行了总结，指出事实无版权是该规定的根本原因。第三章“对“时事新闻”相关规定的再解读：时事新闻报道的独创性分析”则着重对时事新闻报道的独创性进行分析。独创性可以从“独”和“创”两个方面理解，难点在于“创”的认定。本章将结合时事新闻报道的本质属性，围绕真实性、创作性展开讨论。第一节从客观真实、新闻真实、法律真实三个方面展开比较分析，确定“事实基本真实”作为一篇时事新闻报道真实性的认定标准。继而第二节强调了任何报道都具有主观性，从对事实的汇编、语言的运用、传播的方式等几个方面加以说明，并对新闻八股文现象进行了著作权法意义上的分析。第四章“对“时事新闻”相关规定的重构：以再解读为基础”从法学理论、立法实践、司法实践三方面提出建议。第一节“‘时事新闻’相关规定的法学原理”强调要区分事实与表达，区分时事新闻及其报道。第二节提出了立法上的三种完善建议，并认为删除我国著作权法“时事新闻”相关规定是最好的选择。第三节从“真实性判断”、“事实与评论”、“事实的汇编”、“主观性语言”、“逆向证明”五个方面进行分析，试图明确时事新闻报道独创性的判断要素、统一司法判决标准。
[Abstract]:The copyright law of China stipulates that the news of current affairs does not apply to the copyright law, and defines the "news of current affairs" as the simple fact News reported by the media, such as newspapers, periodicals, radio stations and television stations. However, there are different understandings of the existence of relevant regulations between the law and the press, which leads to a new standard in the practice of law. It is necessary to make an in-depth analysis of the relevant provisions.
The first part of the introduction introduces the purpose of the topic. The second part of the "literature review", through the analysis and summary of relevant papers and treatises at home and abroad, can see that the "current affairs news" in the copyright law is generally regarded as an expression, and based on this, the scholars in other countries and regions It distinguishes the different attributes of news and its reports, and lists some original elements of judgment. The third part of the "research method" introduces the four methods of research in this article: legal analysis, case analysis, comparative law research and interdisciplinary research.
The first chapter is "the interpretation of the relevant provisions of current affairs news": the current legal practice of our country introduces the current legislation and judicial practice in our country and lays the foundation for the argument of the latter. The first section first summarizes the legal provisions, and then carries out the relevant provisions through the provisions of the definition, the context interpretation, the Chinese and English contrast and other methods. A comparative analysis shows that "news of current affairs" should be a fact, an event, not a expression. It is because the legislator does not make an accurate distinction between the current news and its reports, resulting in the ambiguity of the wording of the law itself and the disagreement in the scale of the judicial practice. The second section is applied to the relevant provisions through three cases. On the one hand, it is pointed out that there is no clear unified standard for the application of the court on the one hand, and on the other hand, the application of the relevant laws may lead to the failure of the logic of the trial. Therefore, it is necessary to reexamine the relevant provisions.
The second chapter "reinterprets the relevant provisions of the news of current affairs": the essential definition of current events news "concerns the essential attribute of the news of current affairs". The first section, from the level of international conventions and the extraterritorial level, compares the relevant legal provisions of different countries and regions. There is a strict distinction between non expression and non expression. At the same time, the copyright law in Anglo American legal system generally does not use exclusionary methods to determine the object of copyright, and there is no provision for the news of current affairs; the copyright law of the continental law system is divided into two categories, one is not to protect the facts in the news reports of the current affairs, the other is to stipulate that the simple reports of facts are not protected. At present, the provisions of the copyright law in China should point to the facts in the report. Based on this, the second section summarizes the theoretical basis of the relevant provisions and points out that the fact that the fact is not copyright is the fundamental reason for this provision.
The third chapter "re interpretation of the relevant provisions of the news of current affairs: the originality analysis of news reports of current affairs", which focuses on the analysis of the originality of news reports in current affairs. The originality can be understood from two aspects of "independence" and "creation", and the difficulty lies in the identification of "creation". This chapter will be combined with the essential attributes of news reports of current affairs. The first section makes a comparative analysis of the three aspects of the objective reality, the truth of the news, the truth of the law, and the determination of the "fact basic truth" as a standard for the confirmation of the authenticity of a news report. The second section emphasizes that any report has its main view, from the compilation of facts, the use of language, and the spread of the language. This paper explains the way and other aspects, and analyzes the phenomenon of the Eight Legged essay in the sense of copyright law.
The fourth chapter "reconstructs the relevant provisions of the news of current affairs: on the basis of re interpretation" from three aspects of legal theory, legislative practice and judicial practice. The first section "the law principles of the relevant provisions of current affairs news" emphasizes the distinction between facts and expressions, the distinction between current affairs news and its reports. The second section puts forward the legislative three. The third section, from the five aspects of "authenticity judgment", "fact and comment", "fact compilation", "subjective language", "reverse proof", tries to clarify the judgment elements of the originality of current news reports. A standard of judicial judgment.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.41

【参考文献】