论民间文学艺术的知识产权保护

发布时间：2018-05-23 12:24

本文选题：民间文学艺术 + 知识产权　；参考：《东北财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着世界经济的飞速发展,经济全球化,信息全球化在短时间内席卷神州大地,人们也开始逐渐认识到对信息技术等高科技产品的知识产权保护至关重要,但经济发展的同时,人们也容易忽略了对传统文化的保护,尤其是对民间文学艺术的保护,最终导致民间文学艺术在传播与发展的过程中被歪曲、滥用。但是近年来,随着知识经济时代的到来,更多的人也开始逐渐认识到传统文化对现代社会发展的影响力,民间文学艺术作为传统文化的重要组成部分,对于它的保护也逐渐被各个国家以及国际组织列入了重要会议的讨论事项。但由于其存在的特殊性,时至今日,国际上仍然没有对民间文学艺术的保护问题达成一致意见,发展中国家与发达国家在此问题上也难以达成共识。就我国来说,对民间文学艺术的内涵不了解,法律关系模糊不清,立法的不完善以及相关法律制度的严重欠缺是目前亟需解决的重要问题。本文除引言和结语外,正文共分为六章。从民间文学艺术的概念入手,以词源为切入点,深入剖析了民间文学艺术到底是什么,并对其所包含的类型进行了列举,与相似概念进行了辨析,充分阐释了民间文学艺术与民俗,传统知识,非物质文化遗产以及传统科学工艺的不同之处。接着对民间文学艺术的特征进行了相关阐述,使我们对民间文学艺术的内涵有了一个更加清晰的了解。接下来在对民间文学艺术知识产权保护的权利主体,权利客体,权利内容进行分析之前,本文首先从公权与私权的划分角度来对民间文学艺术相关权益的特性进行了分析,明确了民间文学艺术的相关权益具有私权属性,继而通过民间文学艺术的相关权益与私权里的物权,股权,知识产权作对比,明确了民间文学艺术的相关权益不能划入物权与股权的范畴,而应该将其相关权益列入知识产权范畴,应在知识产权领域内从法律关系,即权利主体,权利客体,权利内容三个方面来论述民间文学艺术的知识产权保护。在权利主体部分,本文首先对世界各国的立法中针对民间文学艺术的权利主体的规定进行了历史考察,论述了世界各国对该问题的不同法律规定,接着阐述了民间文学艺术权利主体的特殊性,最后对国家和个人作为权利主体的不适当性进行了相应分析,对群体作为权利主体的适当性进行了深入论述。在权利客体部分,本文首先从内涵和外延两个方面分别对民间文学艺术的权利客体进行了论述,接着阐述了民间文学艺术权利客体具有群体性,地域性,时代性以及变异性的特征,使我们对该权利客体有了更为清晰的了解,最后根据世界知识产权组织的最新法律文件《保护民间文学艺术草案》,分析了民间文学艺术权利客体的类别,进一步确定了民间文学艺术的保护范围。在权利内容部分,本文从民间文学艺术的人身权利和财产权利两个方面,论述了民间文学艺术知识产权保护的权利内容,并对财产权利的使用方面进行了相关阐述,更加明确的表明了民间文学艺术的权利主体所能享有的权利以及受有的利益。最后,针对全文的论述,笔者专门提出了我国民间文学艺术知识产权保护的立法构想,在此部分,首先对我国民间文学艺术保护的现状进行了简单阐述,然后从公法与私法的划分角度以及法理学的角度,具体分析了民间文学艺术的相关权益不仅因为具有知识产权属性而应该受到知识产权法的调整,而且基于创造民间文学艺术的群体与其他组织或者个人在传播,发展,改进民间文学艺术的过程中所产生的利益关系也是符合知识产权法的调整范围,理应列入知识产权法的保护体系。接着从现有著作权法,商标法,专利法的内容出发,论证了这三部法律在内容上针对民间文学艺术的保护存在着严重的不足之处,且很难对其进行相应补充,据此说明了我国需要在知识产权体系内制定一部专门的、系统的,集各种特殊权利为一体的专门法来保护民间文学艺术的知识产权,以期能够达到全面完善的保护民间文学艺术的目的,在文章的最后,笔者还对该专门立法的内容进行了设计,提出了自己的建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world economy, the economic globalization and the information globalization sweeping the Shenzhou land in a short time, people are beginning to realize that the protection of the intellectual property rights of the high-tech products such as information technology is very important, but at the same time, people easily ignore the protection of the traditional culture, especially the folk literature. With the advent of the era of knowledge economy, more and more people have begun to realize the influence of traditional culture on the development of modern society, and the protection of folk literature and art as an important part of the traditional culture, and the protection of it in recent years. It is also gradually included in the discussion of important conferences by various countries and international organizations. However, because of the particularity of their existence, there is still no agreement on the protection of folk literature and art in the world today, and it is difficult for developing countries and developed countries to reach consensus on this issue. Ignorance of the connotation of art, unclear legal relationship, imperfect legislation and serious lack of relevant legal system are important problems to be solved at present.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the text is divided into six chapters. Starting with the concept of folk literature and art and taking the etymology as the breakthrough point, the paper deeply analyses what the folk literature and art are, and enumerates the types of folk literature and the similar concepts, and fully explains the folk literature and art and folk custom, the traditional knowledge and the nonmaterial. The differences between the cultural heritage and the traditional science and technology. Then the characteristics of the folk literature and art are expounded, so that we have a clearer understanding of the connotation of the folk literature and art. The article first analyzes the characteristics of the rights and interests of folk literature and art from the angle of the division of public power and private right, and makes clear that the related rights and interests of folk literature and art have the property of private rights, and then the relevant rights of folk literature and art are clearly defined through the related rights and interests of folk literature and art and the property rights of private rights, equity and knowledge production rights. In the field of intellectual property, the protection of intellectual property rights of folk literature and art should be discussed from three aspects of legal relations, namely, the subject of rights, the object of right and the content of rights. In the main part of the right and interest, this article is first to the legislation of all countries in the world. This paper makes a historical investigation on the provisions of the subject of the rights of folk literature and art, expounds the different legal provisions of the world to the problem, then expounds the particularity of the subject of the right of folk literature and art, and finally analyzes the inappropriate nature of the state and individual as the subject of rights, and the appropriate body of the group as the right subject. In the part of the right object, this article first discusses the rights object of folk literature and art from two aspects of connotation and extension, and then expounds that the object of the right of folk literature and art has the characteristics of group, territoriality, epochal and variability, which makes us more clear to the object of this right. In the end, according to the latest legal document of the world intellectual property organization, the protection of the draft of folk literature and art, the category of the object of the right of folk literature and art is analyzed, and the scope of the protection of the folk literature and art is further confirmed. In the part of the right content, this article discusses the two aspects of the personal rights and property rights of the folk literature art. The right content of intellectual property protection of folk literature and art, and the related exposition of the use of property rights, more clearly shows the rights that the rights subject of folk literature and art can enjoy and the benefits. Finally, in view of the full text, the author specially proposed the intellectual property protection of Chinese folk literature and art. In this part, the present situation of the protection of Chinese folk literature and art is briefly expounded in this part. Then, from the angle of the division of public law and private law and the angle of jurisprudence, the relevant rights and interests of folk literature and art are analyzed not only because of the ownership of intellectual property but also by the adjustment of intellectual property law. In the process of spreading, developing, and improving folk literature and art, the interests of the group and other organizations or individuals who create folk literature and art are also in conformity with the scope of intellectual property law, and should be included in the protection system of intellectual property law. Then, the contents of the existing copyright law, trademark law and patent law are discussed. The three laws have serious deficiencies in the protection of folk literature and art in content, and it is difficult to supplement them. Accordingly, it is explained that our country needs to establish a special, systematic and special law to protect the intellectual property of folk literature and art in the intellectual property system, with a view to the protection of intellectual property of folk literature and art. In the end of the article, the author also designed the content of the special legislation and put forward his own suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.41

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