利益集团对版权制度变迁的影响及立法规制研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 21:49

本文选题：利益集团 + 版权制度　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：版权的发展史,就是一部扩张史。版权法的历史轨迹表现为版权人利益的持续扩张和专有控制权的不断扩大,公共领域范围逐渐减少。版权扩张不是偶然的,而是多种因素共同作用的结果：技术发展是版权扩张的原始诱因,文化繁荣是版权扩张的现实基础,利益集团间的争斗与妥协则是版权扩张的直接动力,版权制度也从最初鼓励创作和促进知识交流传播的手段逐渐演变成控制作品接触和利用的工具。利益集团的逐利行为对版权制度的发展变迁起到重要的推动作用。然而,对于利益集团作用于版权制度的方式、结果、影响,以及在立法上如何予以规制,国内外还鲜见专门论述及系统研究。而对版权制度的发展而言,这恰恰是重要的理论及实践问题。研究这一问题对于把握版权理论内在机理、认清版权制度发展规律、指导我国的版权立法,乃至对进一步促进我国社会主义文化事业与文化产业的大发展大繁荣,都将有着不容忽视的意义。基于此,本文以中西版权制度的发展历史为研究起点,分四个层面逐步展开论述,以期明晰利益集团影响版权制度发展的运作方式,分析利益集团左右版权立法的利弊影响,并探讨如何在立法层面予以规制,以期维系版权的利益平衡格局,并为我国版权规则的完善带来些许启示。具体研究进路如下：第一部分：利益集团影响版权制度变迁的历程。这一部分主要通过梳理中西版权制度变迁的历史,在宏观视野中审视版权观念的起源与发展,探析利益博弈在其间的作用,对版权的发展规律进行深入研究。第二部分：利益集团影响版权制度变迁的方式。这一部分归纳总结了现行国内外利益集团影响版权立法的运作方式,通过具体事例论证多元主体在版权系统中进行利益表达的渠道与方法。利益集团主要通过公开竞选、对立法人员进行笼络或求助于精英人物、利用舆论或与智囊团合作、通过法院诉讼形成判例、结成国内国际联盟等方式,影响版权制度,谋求版权利益。第三部分：利益集团影响版权制度变迁的利弊。这一部分着重分析利益集团对版权制度变迁的积极影响和消极影响,积极影响主要表现在促使现代版权观念产生、推动版权理论的构建与完善,强化版权保护力度。消极影响则表现为版权体系的杂乱与理论的矛盾、过分注重投资而造成的文化创作力减弱、引发知识垄断和公共利益的减少、沦为国际贸易工具的同时造成文化殖民等。第四部分：利益集团影响版权制度变迁的立法规制。这一部分主要从立法理念、立法政策和具体的制度设计三方面予以论述,结合我国文化事业发展现状,对利益集团的行为进行立法规制,以维系版权利益平衡格局,激发文化创作与传播的活力。在具体制度设计上,笔者以为可采取版权法定原则,强化传播权的范围及强度,突破传统版权以“许可权+禁止权”的基本构造,引入版权默示许可制度、并适当扩大合理使用和法定许可的范围等措施,实现版权的合理保护,限制版权滥用,减少版权利用障碍。
[Abstract]:The development history of copyright is a history of expansion . The historical track of copyright law appears as the continuous expansion of the interests of the copyright person and the expansion of the proprietary right of control . The scope of the public domain is gradually reduced . The copyright extension is not accidental , but it is the direct power of copyright extension . The copyright system also gradually becomes the tool for controlling the contact and utilization of the work from the means of encouraging the creation and promoting the communication of the knowledge .

The interest group ' s profit - by - profit act plays an important role in the development of copyright system . However , it is very important theory and practice to regulate the way , result and influence of copyright system and how to regulate the copyright system .

Based on this , this paper focuses on the development history of copyright system in China and West , and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of copyright legislation in the interest group , and discusses how to regulate the copyright in the legislative level , so as to provide some enlightenment for the perfection of copyright rules in our country . The concrete research approach is as follows :

The first part : The interest group influences the course of the change of the copyright system . This part mainly analyzes the history of the change of the copyright system of the Chinese and Western countries , examines the origin and development of the copyright concept in the macroscopic view , explores the role of the benefit game , and makes a further study on the development law of copyright .

The second part : The way of the interest group ' s influence on the changes of the copyright system . This part sums up the ways and means of influencing the copyright legislation by the current domestic and foreign interest groups . Through the specific examples , the channels and methods of interest expression in the copyright system are discussed .

The third part : Interest groups influence the pros and cons of the change of copyright system . This part focuses on analyzing the positive influence and negative influence of interest group on the change of copyright system . The positive influence is to promote the construction and perfection of copyright theory and to strengthen copyright protection . The negative influence is manifested as the contradiction between the chaos and theory of copyright system , the decrease of cultural creativity caused by excessive focus on investment , the reduction of knowledge monopoly and public interest , and cultural colonization at the same time .

The fourth part : This part mainly discusses the legislative idea , the legislative policy and the specific system design . This part mainly discusses the legislation idea , the legislative policy and the specific system design . In the light of the present situation of our country ' s cultural undertakings , the author thinks that the copyright legal principle should be adopted , the scope and the strength of the right of communication should be strengthened , the copyright implied license system should be introduced , and the reasonable use and the scope of the legal license should be expanded properly , so as to protect the copyright , limit the abuse of copyright and reduce the use of copyright .
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.41

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