上海书业同业公会研究（1930-1937）

发布时间：2018-08-15 14:27

【摘要】：上海书业同业公会(以下简称上海书业公会)是1930年在上海书业公所、书业商会和新书业公会的基础上整合改组而成的出版业同业组织,以维持增进同业公共利益及矫正同业弊害为宗旨。从1930年到1937年,正值书业发展的“黄金十年”,上海书业公会组织制度日趋完善,功能作用持续发挥,社会影响不断增强,不愧为上海重要的工商组织和全国书业的领袖团体。这一良好发展趋势在1937年急转直下,彼时抗日战争全面爆发,上海很快沦陷,大量书业企业内迁,致使上海书业公会会务濒于停顿。本文以1930年至1937年的上海书业公会作为研究对象,利用上海档案馆丰厚的原始档案,引入工商同业组织现代化理论,尝试分析其在这一时段的历史过程、制度建构和功能作用,探讨其从传统向现代的演进轨迹,总结其服务同业的成功经验和有益做法,以期为当今行业协会的建设与发展提供借鉴。从1930年到1937年,按照政府法令的要求和书业发展的需要,上海书业公会不断进行组织制度建构和完善,会务运作日趋规范化、制度化、现代化,为其经济、文化、社会功能的实现奠定了坚实的制度基础。与传统行会的强制性和封闭性不同,上海书业公会在严格审查的前提下,奉行非强制入会和非限制出会的原则。与传统行会机构设置简单、缺乏监督机制相比,上海书业公会最终确立执监委制,形成了会员大会、执委会和监委会既相互制衡又相互协调的权力结构；大量创设专门办事机构,形成了分工明确、高效运行的科层化管理体制。毋庸讳言,上海书业公会的组织形态已然相当成熟,现代化程度逐步提高。上海书业公会的现代化进程不仅体现在组织制度上,而且反映在功能作用上。从1930年到1937年,上海书业公会始终遵循维护书业利益、促进书业发展的服务理念,致力于实现比传统行会范围更广程度更深、影响更大的经济、文化和社会功能。经济功能即营造公平竞争的市场环境,保障会员书店的经济利益,开展细致周密的书业调查。文化功能即维护出版自由,推动文化发展,查究不良读物。社会功能即广泛支持公益事业,努力协调内外纠纷,积极参与公共活动。这些功能的实现彰显了上海书业公会与政府、商会、其他社会团体的互动关系,对书业的繁荣、上海出版中心地位的巩固乃至全国教育文化的进步助力甚大。
[Abstract]:The Shanghai Book Industry Association (hereinafter referred to as the Shanghai Book Industry Association) is a publishing industry organization formed in 1930 on the basis of the integration and reorganization of the Shanghai Book Industry Association, the Book Industry Association and the New Book Industry Association. In order to maintain the promotion of the public interest of the same industry and rectify the harm of the same industry for the purpose. From 1930 to 1937, it was a "golden decade" for the development of the book industry. The organization system of Shanghai Book Industry Association was becoming more and more perfect, its function continued to play its role, and the social influence was constantly strengthened. It was worthy of being an important industrial and commercial organization in Shanghai and a leading group of the national book industry. This good development trend turned down sharply in 1937, when the War of Resistance against Japan broke out in an all-round way, Shanghai quickly fell into power, and a large number of book industry enterprises moved inland, which brought the Shanghai Book Industry Association to a close to a standstill. Taking the Shanghai Book Industry Association from 1930 to 1937 as the research object, using the rich original archives of Shanghai Archives and introducing the modernization theory of industrial and commercial organizations, this paper tries to analyze its historical process, system construction and function in this period. This paper probes into its evolution from tradition to modern, sums up its successful experience and beneficial practices, and hopes to provide reference for the construction and development of today's trade association. From 1930 to 1937, in accordance with the requirements of government decrees and the needs of the development of the book industry, the Shanghai Book Industry Association continued to construct and improve its organizational system, and its business operation became more and more standardized, institutionalized, modernized, and for its economy and culture. The realization of social function laid a solid institutional foundation. Different from the mandatory and closed nature of the traditional guilds, the Shanghai Book Industry Association adheres to the principles of non-compulsory membership and non-restriction on the basis of strict examination. Compared with the traditional guild organization and the lack of supervision mechanism, the Shanghai Book Industry Association finally established the system of the Board of Commissioners, forming a general meeting of the members, the executive committee and the JISC both check and balance each other and coordinate with each other in the power structure; Create a large number of specialized agencies, formed a clear division of labor, efficient operation of hierarchical management system. Needless to say, the organization of Shanghai Book Industry Association has been quite mature, the degree of modernization has gradually improved. The modernization process of Shanghai Book Industry Association is not only reflected in the organizational system, but also reflected in the function. From 1930 to 1937, the Shanghai Book Guild always adhered to the service idea of protecting the interests of the book industry and promoting the development of the book industry, and devoted itself to the realization of a wider and deeper scope than the traditional guild, which had a greater impact on the economic, cultural and social functions. Economic function is to create a fair competitive market environment, to protect the economic interests of member bookstores, and to carry out meticulous and thorough book industry investigations. Cultural function is to maintain the freedom of publication, promote cultural development, and search for bad reading materials. Social function is broad support for public welfare, strive to coordinate internal and external disputes, and actively participate in public activities. The realization of these functions shows the interactive relationship between the Shanghai Book Industry Association and the government, chamber of commerce, other social organizations, which contributes greatly to the prosperity of the book industry, the consolidation of the status of Shanghai publishing center and even the progress of the national education and culture.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G239.29

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