中国古代类书编纂研究
发布时间：2018-09-08 17:32
【摘要】：类书是中国古代的一种工具书,在编纂时通常是将原有典籍的篇章顺序打乱,再依照新的分类方式对材料重新进行编排。由于秉承述而不作的传统,编纂人员极少在其中表达思想观点,所以类书并非学术性很强的著作,只是资料汇编。它反映了人类对世界的认识,并保留了大量词章和史料,为使用者提供了查检之便利。 本文主要研究类书的编纂,将对类书成书概况、编纂背景及起因、编纂人员、编纂体例、分类思想等方面加以探讨,总结中国古代历史上著名类书的编纂沿革过程及其变易创新情况。试图说明类书编纂与经济、政治、文化有着千丝万缕的联系,随着时代推移,它的编纂规模有扩大之势,而创新则逐渐困难。 本文包括九个部分。第一部分为类书简介,对类书的性质、分类方式做简要交代。第二、三部分介绍魏晋类书编纂的开创性,如《皇览》始创以类相从之法,它的编纂过程中出现了下令修书、确定范围、搜集资料、分门别类、分头撰写、修毕进呈、接受升赏等诸多步骤,为后世修书所借鉴；《修文殿御览》使得编纂过程空前复杂,人员也大幅增加,为后世所仿效。第四、五部分论述隋唐类书编纂的改进,如《北堂书钞》以标题类事之法带来新意；《艺文类聚》确定事前文后的体例,影响千年。第六、七部分论述宋代类书编纂的突破,如《太平御览》与政治形势难脱干系,千卷之巨亦是类书大型化之较早开端；《册府元龟》采择君臣之间嘉言懿行以垂范后世,运用总序小序之法使得编纂人员的观点明晰。第八部分论述明代类书编纂的变易,《永乐大典》将类书的篇幅、人员数量推向顶峰,在编纂体例方式难以取得突破之际,改用丰富资料遗惠后世。第九部分论述清代类书编纂的革新,《古今图书集成》编纂人员中并无权贵或学术权威,实为罕见,它结构完善,知识分类合理,采用三级类目的先进方式也成为中国古代类书最后的巅峰。 类书编纂欲寻求创新渐渐困难,直至只能以扩大规模取得突破。随着近现代新的分类思想成熟,类书的黄金时代也最终过去。
[Abstract]:Class book is a kind of reference book in ancient China. When compiling, it usually disassembles the original texts and rearranges the material according to the new classification. Because of the tradition of not doing it, compilers seldom express their ideas in it, so the books are not academic works, but a compilation of materials. It reflects the human understanding of the world, and retains a large number of lexical and historical materials, providing users with the convenience of inspection. This paper mainly studies the compilation of class books, and probes into the general situation, the background and cause of the compilation, the compilers, the style of compilation, the ideas of classification, and so on. This paper summarizes the compilation and evolution of famous books in ancient Chinese history and their changes and innovations. This paper tries to explain that the compilation of books is closely related to economy, politics and culture. With the passage of time, its compilation scale has the tendency to expand, but the innovation is gradually difficult. This paper includes nine parts. The first part is a brief introduction of the class book, the nature of the class book, the classification of the way to do a brief account. The second and third parts introduce the originality of the compilation of the books of the Wei and Jin dynasties, such as the "Emperor's Book" was first created by the method of following the categories. In the process of compiling the book, an order was made to amend the book, to determine the scope, to collect the information, to classify the books, to write separately, and to revise the book from one side to the next. Many steps, such as accepting a reward, were used for reference by later generations, and the compilation process was unprecedented complicated and personnel was greatly increased, which was imitated by later generations. The fourth and fifth parts discuss the improvement of the compilation of Sui and Tang Dynasty books, such as "Beitang Book banknote" brings new meaning by the method of title, and "Art text clustering" determines the style after the advance text, which affects the thousand years. The sixth and seventh parts discuss the break-through of the compilation of the Song Dynasty books, such as "Taiping Imperial Survey" and the political situation are hard to get rid of, and the giant of thousands of volumes is also the early beginning of the large-scale of the books. The use of the law of the total order makes the views of the compilers clear. The eighth part discusses the variety of the compilation of the books in the Ming Dynasty. The Yongle Dadao pushes the length and the number of the books to the peak. When it is difficult to make a breakthrough in the style of compilation, the author uses the rich materials to benefit the later generations. The ninth part discusses the innovation of the compilation of books in the Qing Dynasty. There is no power or academic authority among the compilers, it is rare, its structure is perfect, and the classification of knowledge is reasonable. The use of three-level categories of advanced methods also became the last peak of ancient Chinese books. The compilation of books to seek innovation gradually difficult, until only to expand the scale of breakthrough. With the maturity of the new classification thought in modern times, the golden age of class books has finally passed.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G239.29
本文编号：2231206
[Abstract]:Class book is a kind of reference book in ancient China. When compiling, it usually disassembles the original texts and rearranges the material according to the new classification. Because of the tradition of not doing it, compilers seldom express their ideas in it, so the books are not academic works, but a compilation of materials. It reflects the human understanding of the world, and retains a large number of lexical and historical materials, providing users with the convenience of inspection. This paper mainly studies the compilation of class books, and probes into the general situation, the background and cause of the compilation, the compilers, the style of compilation, the ideas of classification, and so on. This paper summarizes the compilation and evolution of famous books in ancient Chinese history and their changes and innovations. This paper tries to explain that the compilation of books is closely related to economy, politics and culture. With the passage of time, its compilation scale has the tendency to expand, but the innovation is gradually difficult. This paper includes nine parts. The first part is a brief introduction of the class book, the nature of the class book, the classification of the way to do a brief account. The second and third parts introduce the originality of the compilation of the books of the Wei and Jin dynasties, such as the "Emperor's Book" was first created by the method of following the categories. In the process of compiling the book, an order was made to amend the book, to determine the scope, to collect the information, to classify the books, to write separately, and to revise the book from one side to the next. Many steps, such as accepting a reward, were used for reference by later generations, and the compilation process was unprecedented complicated and personnel was greatly increased, which was imitated by later generations. The fourth and fifth parts discuss the improvement of the compilation of Sui and Tang Dynasty books, such as "Beitang Book banknote" brings new meaning by the method of title, and "Art text clustering" determines the style after the advance text, which affects the thousand years. The sixth and seventh parts discuss the break-through of the compilation of the Song Dynasty books, such as "Taiping Imperial Survey" and the political situation are hard to get rid of, and the giant of thousands of volumes is also the early beginning of the large-scale of the books. The use of the law of the total order makes the views of the compilers clear. The eighth part discusses the variety of the compilation of the books in the Ming Dynasty. The Yongle Dadao pushes the length and the number of the books to the peak. When it is difficult to make a breakthrough in the style of compilation, the author uses the rich materials to benefit the later generations. The ninth part discusses the innovation of the compilation of books in the Qing Dynasty. There is no power or academic authority among the compilers, it is rare, its structure is perfect, and the classification of knowledge is reasonable. The use of three-level categories of advanced methods also became the last peak of ancient Chinese books. The compilation of books to seek innovation gradually difficult, until only to expand the scale of breakthrough. With the maturity of the new classification thought in modern times, the golden age of class books has finally passed.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G239.29
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 潘倩;《册府元龟》类序研究[D];华中师范大学;2013年
，本文编号：2231206
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/chubanfaxing/2231206.html
