新的出版环境下我国大学出版社的应对之策

发布时间：2019-03-16 13:36

【摘要】： 自1955年我国成立第一家大学出版社以来,我国大学出版社已经走过了50多年的发展历程。在50多年的发展过程中,大学出版社已经成为我国出版产业中的一支重要力量,也形成了自己独特的特点。在体制上,我国大学社一直具有双重的领导机制,实行“事业单位,企业化管理”的运行机制;在内部的人员和领导的任用体制上,对母体大学的依赖性很强,独立性与自由性有待加强;经济方面,大学社已经成长为我国出版领域的重要组成部分,特别在版权贸易方面走在了其他出版社的前面;图书结构上倾向性明显,教材出版明显占有很大比例;另外,在市场经济条件下,大学社在自己的学术定位与市场化的要求下也常常产生矛盾。最后,各大学出版社的实力悬殊较大,且大部分比较弱小。近年来,我国的出版环境发生了强烈的变化,对大学社的发展也造成了一定的影响。一方面,国家的文化体制改革继续推进,大学社转制已经全部完成,进入了深化改革时期,大学社企业化进程在探索中继续前行;第二,国家继续放宽出版业的准入机制,放开外商资本、民营资本以及其他资本在出版业的活动范围,并大力扶持它们的发展;第三,一大批中央社和地方社凭借自己强大的经济实力和政策支持,纷纷走上了集团化的道路,并借机融资上市,走上了规模化、多元化的发展道路;第四,数字出版蓬勃发展,进一步压缩传统图书的市场份额,除网络出版外,手机出版、手持阅读器出版的市场份额也开始进一步扩张。在这样剧烈的环境变化下,大学社的继续发展有自己的优势——良好的品牌、作者和内容资源;也有着劣势——市场观念的落后、经营体制障碍以及资金薄弱等。面临这一系列挑战和机遇,大学社如何发挥优势、规避劣势,继续向前发展,成了每个大学出版人关心的内容。首先,大学出版社要谨记大学出版社的定位及价值,用优秀的企业价值观来凝聚员工,指导企业的健康发展;其次,大学社需要引入现代企业管理制度,运用先进的管理思维,引入危机管理、风险管理机制,加强出版社员工的市场观念教育,做到时时以市场为导向;第三,要充分利用自身的优势,走专业化和学术化的发展道路,用特色和专业应对中央社和地方社的集团化浪潮;第四,注重软实力建设,加强作者资源的建设和读者队伍的培育,为大学社的长远发展打下良好的基础;第五,面对数字出版的压力,应该以积极的态度,正视数字出版的广阔前景,加强出版内容的建设,培养数字出版人才,并努力促成国家关于数字版权的法律法规建设,为数字出版的健康发展贡献力量;最后,应结合实际情况,实施一体化发展战略,延伸自己的产业链,拓宽出版社的盈利范围。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the first University Press in 1955, China University Press has gone through more than 50 years of development. In more than 50 years of development, University Press has become an important force in China's publishing industry, and has formed its own unique characteristics. In the system, our country university society has always had the dual leadership mechanism, carries out "the institution, the enterprise management" the operation mechanism; In the internal staff and leadership appointment system, the dependence on the parent university is very strong, independence and freedom need to be strengthened; In terms of economy, university societies have become an important part of the publishing field in our country, especially in copyright trade, especially in other publishing houses, the structure of books is obvious, and the publication of teaching materials occupies a large proportion, especially in the field of copyright trade. In addition, under the market economy condition, the university club also often produces the contradiction under the request of its own academic orientation and marketization. Finally, the strength of each university press is great, and most of them are weak. In recent years, China's publishing environment has undergone a strong change, which has also caused a certain impact on the development of university societies. On the one hand, the country's cultural system reform continues to advance, the transformation of university cooperatives has been completed, entered the period of deepening reform, the process of enterprise of university societies continues to move forward in the exploration; Second, the state continues to relax the access mechanism of publishing industry, to liberalize the scope of foreign capital, private capital and other capital activities in the publishing industry, and to vigorously support their development; Third, a large number of central and local cooperatives, relying on their strong economic strength and policy support, have embarked on the road of collectivization, and took the opportunity to list on the market, embarked on a large-scale, diversified development path; Fourth, digital publishing is booming, further reducing the market share of traditional books, in addition to network publishing, mobile phone publishing, handheld reader publishing market share also began to expand further. Under such drastic environmental changes, the continued development of university societies has its own advantages-good brand, author and content resources, as well as disadvantages-backwardness of market concept, obstacles to management system and weak funds, etc. Faced with this series of challenges and opportunities, how to exert the advantages, avoid the disadvantages and continue to develop, has become the content that every university publisher cares about. First of all, the University Press should bear in mind the position and value of the University Press, and use excellent enterprise values to consolidate the staff and guide the healthy development of the enterprise. Secondly, university cooperatives need to introduce modern enterprise management system, use advanced management thinking, introduce crisis management, risk management mechanism, strengthen the education of market concept of publishing house staff, and make it always market-oriented; Third, we should make full use of our own advantages, take the road of specialization and academic development, and deal with the wave of collectivization of central and local cooperatives with characteristics and specialties; Fourth, pay attention to the construction of soft power, strengthen the construction of author resources and the cultivation of readers, lay a good foundation for the long-term development of university societies; Fifthly, facing the pressure of digital publishing, we should face up to the broad prospect of digital publishing with a positive attitude, strengthen the construction of publishing contents, train digital publishing talents, and strive to promote the construction of national laws and regulations on digital copyright. Contribute to the healthy development of digital publishing; Finally, combined with the actual situation, we should implement the integrated development strategy, extend its own industrial chain, and broaden the profit range of publishing houses.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G239.22

【相似文献】