《文艺阵地》的编辑立场和办刊特色

发布时间：2019-04-23 15:01

【摘要】： 《文艺阵地》是抗战时期出版时间最长、规模最大的文学刊物之一,真实生动地体现了战时文学的原生态图景。本文旨在从刊物本身的纵向研究和与同时期其他刊物的横向比较中,确认《文艺阵地》独特的历史价值和地位。在大量阅读作品的基础上,本文认为《文艺阵地》是一份具有批判精神、客观求实精神和人道主义精神的刊物,它在全国抗日统一战线的前提下,坚持了知识分子的编辑立场。首先,该刊因《华威先生》而一炮打响,并引发了关于“暴露与讽刺”的论争,从而有效抵制了抗战八股等不良创作倾向,为抗战文学注入了新鲜的血液。它的批判锋芒不仅指向国民党内的贪官污吏和腐朽统治,也批判了共产党的工作失误,同时更注重对各阶层国民弱点的反思。第二,有人认为《文艺阵地》是一份“左”的、“红色”的刊物,但是在对待国民党抗日功绩的问题上,它依然坚持了客观公正的态度,对于国民党将士英勇杀敌的事迹、战场上惨烈悲壮的冲杀、国军的良好军纪和气势、抗战宣传活动等都有一定的表现。第三,《文阵》坚持了人道主义精神,它的矛头直指日本军阀,对于普通日本民众和日军战士则始终怀有一份同情和宽容。《文艺阵地》的编辑立场在一定程度上决定了它的办刊特色。该刊是在主编茅盾和总经销生活书店的爱国热情下创办起来的,它一方面不得不考虑商业盈利,同时更注重对抗战建设的社会担当。它既要坚持抗日救亡的主旋律,又要在与《抗战文艺》、《七月》等大刊“共分天下”的过程中保有独特的个性。因此在下编中,本文通过对栏目编排体例的分析和具体文本的解读探讨《文阵》四个方面的编辑特色。一是创建丰富严整的栏目编排体系,该刊在栏目和版面的设置和设计上非常严整,在整体风貌上比其他刊物稳定规矩;二是以“论争”引导文学发展方向,搭建抗战文艺理论交流讨论的平台是茅盾办刊的初衷,也是该刊一以贯之的主题;三是选取作品但求“一技之长”,《文阵》对作品特色的定位与胡风编辑《七月》不同,它没有固定的衡量标准,更具有开放性和包容性;四是反映世界反法西斯斗争,《文阵》不仅像其他刊物那样通过通讯、论文等体裁积极报道国际战争形势,更刊载了两组别具特色的报告文学作品,真实地报道了西欧和日本两大法西斯阵营的社会状况。《文艺阵地》的编辑立场和办刊特色使它成为抗战时期影响最大的刊物之一,在抗战文学史乃至现代文学史上具有举足轻重的地位。
[Abstract]:Literary position is one of the longest and largest literary publications published during the Anti-Japanese War, which truly and vividly embodies the original ecological picture of wartime literature. The purpose of this paper is to confirm the unique historical value and position of "literary and artistic position" from the longitudinal study of the journal itself and the horizontal comparison with other publications in the same period. On the basis of reading a large number of works, this paper holds that "the position of literature and art" is a publication with critical spirit, objective spirit of seeking truth and humanitarianism. It adheres to the editorial position of intellectuals on the premise of the national anti-Japanese United front. First of all, because of "Mr. Warwick," the journal launched, and caused a debate about "exposure and satire", thus effectively resist the eight elements of the war and other bad creative tendencies, and injected fresh blood into the anti-Japanese literature. Its criticism not only points to corrupt officials and decadent rule in the Kuomintang, but also criticizes the mistakes of the Communist Party, and pays more attention to the reflection on the weakness of all classes of people. Second, some people think that the "literary and artistic position" is a "left", "red" publication, but on the issue of the Kuomintang's achievements in resisting Japan, it still adheres to an objective and just attitude towards the heroic killing of the enemy by the KMT generals and soldiers. On the battlefield, tragic and tragic, the good military discipline and momentum of the national army, anti-Japanese propaganda activities and so on have certain performance. Third, the WPA adheres to the spirit of humanitarianism, pointing directly at the Japanese warlords and always harbouring sympathy and tolerance for the ordinary Japanese people and soldiers of the Japanese army. To a certain extent, the editorial position of the position of Literature and Art determines its characteristics of running a journal. Founded under the patriotic enthusiasm of Mao Dun, the editor-in-chief, and the general distributor of the bookstore, it had to consider commercial profits and pay more attention to the social responsibility for the construction of the Anti-Japanese War. It should not only adhere to the theme of resisting Japan and save the dead, but also maintain its unique individuality in the process of sharing the world with the major publications, such as the Anti-Japanese Literature and Art, the July and so on. Therefore, through the analysis of the column arrangement style and the interpretation of the concrete text, this paper discusses the editing characteristics of the four aspects of the text. One is to create a rich and rigorous column arrangement system, the magazine in the column and layout of the setup and design is very strict, in the overall style than other publications stable rules; Second, it is the original intention of Mao Dun to run the journal, which is also the theme of Mao Dun, to guide the development of literature with "controversy" and to set up a platform for the exchange and discussion of literature and art theory of the Anti-Japanese War. Third, the selection of works can seek "one skill", the positioning of the features of the works is different from that of Hu Feng's editor July, it has no fixed standard of measurement, it is more open and inclusive; Fourth, reflecting the world's anti-fascist struggle, the Literary Matrix not only reports actively on the international war situation through newsletters, papers and other genres like other publications, but also publishes two groups of unique reportage works. A true report on the social situation of the two fascist camps in Western Europe and Japan. The editorial position and characteristics of literature and art make it one of the most influential journals in the period of Anti-Japanese War, which plays an important role in the literature history of Anti-Japanese War and even in the history of modern literature.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G239.29

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