数字音乐作品著作权法律问题研究
发布时间：2019-05-15 17:52
【摘要】：随着互联网的普及,数字音乐日益兴起,数字音乐作品传播速度快且便于携带的特征深受广大消费者的青睐。在公众从广泛传播的数字音乐作品中获益的同时,严重削弱了数字音乐作品权利人对作品的控制及获益能力。尽管数字技术提升了音乐作品的传播速度,但由于数字音乐作品的特殊性,对现有的立法产生了一定的冲击与突破,故有必要完善对数字音乐作品著作权保护的相关立法。数字音乐作品著作财产权的突破主要集中在复制权和信息网络传播权上,我国应该适度扩张和限制复制权和信息网络传播权。对于复制权,我国应该借鉴美国、欧盟适用的“认定加限制”模式,将暂时复制纳入复制权的保护范畴,并在司法实践中从暂时复制行为的行为类型和主体归责两个方面综合判断暂时复制行为是否构成对数字音乐作品著作权人的侵权。对于信息网络传播权,其本身是著作权在数字时代的权能扩张,但是在适用中应该将社会公众之间特定的点对点之间的传播排除在外,且对于获取数字音乐作品的特定时间和空间也应该进行限制,从而达到多方主体利益之间的平衡。数字音乐作品的特殊性对侵权认定也有一定的突破,其侵权行为不再局限于直接侵权,而更多地表现为间接侵权,然而我国立法并没有明确的间接侵权制度,为了让数字音乐作品著作权人合法利益得到有效保护,我国应该建立完善的间接侵权制度。在司法实践中,对于不同的侵权主体,其侵权认定也有所不同,对于网络内容服务提供者的侵权认定应该适用过错推定原则,对于网络接入服务提供者的侵权认定应该适用过错原则,而对于网络终端消费者的行为,其大多数属于合理使用的范围,涉及的部分侵权行为应采取过错原则对其进行认定。由于互联网的出现,数字音乐作品的私人复制行为让合理使用的界限变得模糊,为了更好地平衡数字音乐作品著作权人与社会公众之间的利益,立法上应该将“三步检验标准”上升为法律,置于著作权法的权利限制体系中,并将“个人欣赏”排除在私人复制合理使用的情形之外,同时结合我国的立法环境适当的引入版权补偿金制度,从而兼顾多方的利益。数字音乐作品网络服务提供者最主要的免责事由就是避风港原则,但我国引入的避风港原则比较笼统,不便于操作,导致避风港原则在我国出现水土不服的现象。我国立法应该规定举证责任由权利人来承担,并且明确通知书的法律效力,只有合格的通知书才具有法律效力,不合格的通知书则视为未通知。同时应该建立“避风港登记”机制,对指定接受侵权通知的机构进行详细的线上信息登记,促进避风港原则的有效运行,除此之外,应该将经济利益扩展到与侵权作品有牵连关系的间接利益,如此方能构建完整的数字音乐作品著作权的保护体系。
[Abstract]:With the popularity of the Internet, digital music is rising day by day. The characteristics of digital music works, which are fast and easy to carry, are favored by the majority of consumers. While the public benefits from the widely disseminated digital music works, it seriously weakens the control and benefit ability of the rights holders of the digital music works. Although digital technology improves the dissemination speed of music works, because of the particularity of digital music works, it has a certain impact and breakthrough on the existing legislation, so it is necessary to improve the relevant legislation on the copyright protection of digital music works. The breakthrough of the property right of digital music works mainly focuses on the right of reproduction and the right of information network dissemination. Our country should moderately expand and limit the right of reproduction and the right of information network dissemination. With regard to the right of reproduction, China should draw lessons from the United States and the EU's applicable "cognizance plus restriction" model, and bring temporary reproduction into the scope of the protection of the right of reproduction. In judicial practice, it is judged whether the temporary reproduction behavior constitutes an infringement on the copyright owner of digital music works from two aspects: the type of temporary reproduction behavior and the imputation of the subject. For the right of information network communication, it is the power expansion of copyright in the digital age, but in application, the dissemination between specific point-to-point among the public should be excluded. Moreover, the specific time and space of obtaining digital music works should also be limited, so as to achieve the balance between the interests of multiple subjects. The particularity of digital music works also has a certain breakthrough in the identification of tort. Its tort is no longer limited to direct infringement, but more manifested as indirect tort. However, there is no clear indirect tort system in the legislation of our country. In order to protect the legitimate interests of copyright owners of digital music works effectively, our country should establish a perfect indirect infringement system. In judicial practice, for different subjects of tort, the identification of tort is also different, and the principle of presumptive fault should be applied to the cognizance of tort by network content service providers. For the infringement identification of network access service providers, the fault principle should be applied, while for the behavior of network terminal consumers, most of them belong to the scope of reasonable use, and some of the violations involved should be identified by fault principle. Due to the emergence of the Internet, the private reproduction of digital music works blurs the boundary of reasonable use, in order to better balance the interests of copyright owners of digital music works and the public. In legislation, the "three-step test standard" should be raised into law, placed in the system of restriction of rights in copyright law, and "personal appreciation" should be excluded from the case of reasonable use of private reproduction. At the same time, combined with the legislative environment of our country, the copyright compensation system should be introduced appropriately, so as to take into account the interests of many parties. The most important reason for network service providers of digital music works is the principle of safe haven, but the principle of safe haven introduced in our country is relatively general and is not easy to operate, which leads to the phenomenon that the principle of safe haven is not satisfied in our country. The legislation of our country should stipulate that the burden of proof should be borne by the obligee, and make clear the legal effect of the notice, only the qualified notice shall have the legal effect, and the unqualified notice shall be regarded as unnotified. At the same time, the "safe haven registration" mechanism should be established to register the detailed online information of the institutions designated to accept the infringement notice, so as to promote the effective operation of the safe haven principle. The economic interests should be extended to the indirect interests related to infringing works, so as to construct a complete protection system of the copyright of digital music works.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.41
本文编号：2477684
[Abstract]:With the popularity of the Internet, digital music is rising day by day. The characteristics of digital music works, which are fast and easy to carry, are favored by the majority of consumers. While the public benefits from the widely disseminated digital music works, it seriously weakens the control and benefit ability of the rights holders of the digital music works. Although digital technology improves the dissemination speed of music works, because of the particularity of digital music works, it has a certain impact and breakthrough on the existing legislation, so it is necessary to improve the relevant legislation on the copyright protection of digital music works. The breakthrough of the property right of digital music works mainly focuses on the right of reproduction and the right of information network dissemination. Our country should moderately expand and limit the right of reproduction and the right of information network dissemination. With regard to the right of reproduction, China should draw lessons from the United States and the EU's applicable "cognizance plus restriction" model, and bring temporary reproduction into the scope of the protection of the right of reproduction. In judicial practice, it is judged whether the temporary reproduction behavior constitutes an infringement on the copyright owner of digital music works from two aspects: the type of temporary reproduction behavior and the imputation of the subject. For the right of information network communication, it is the power expansion of copyright in the digital age, but in application, the dissemination between specific point-to-point among the public should be excluded. Moreover, the specific time and space of obtaining digital music works should also be limited, so as to achieve the balance between the interests of multiple subjects. The particularity of digital music works also has a certain breakthrough in the identification of tort. Its tort is no longer limited to direct infringement, but more manifested as indirect tort. However, there is no clear indirect tort system in the legislation of our country. In order to protect the legitimate interests of copyright owners of digital music works effectively, our country should establish a perfect indirect infringement system. In judicial practice, for different subjects of tort, the identification of tort is also different, and the principle of presumptive fault should be applied to the cognizance of tort by network content service providers. For the infringement identification of network access service providers, the fault principle should be applied, while for the behavior of network terminal consumers, most of them belong to the scope of reasonable use, and some of the violations involved should be identified by fault principle. Due to the emergence of the Internet, the private reproduction of digital music works blurs the boundary of reasonable use, in order to better balance the interests of copyright owners of digital music works and the public. In legislation, the "three-step test standard" should be raised into law, placed in the system of restriction of rights in copyright law, and "personal appreciation" should be excluded from the case of reasonable use of private reproduction. At the same time, combined with the legislative environment of our country, the copyright compensation system should be introduced appropriately, so as to take into account the interests of many parties. The most important reason for network service providers of digital music works is the principle of safe haven, but the principle of safe haven introduced in our country is relatively general and is not easy to operate, which leads to the phenomenon that the principle of safe haven is not satisfied in our country. The legislation of our country should stipulate that the burden of proof should be borne by the obligee, and make clear the legal effect of the notice, only the qualified notice shall have the legal effect, and the unqualified notice shall be regarded as unnotified. At the same time, the "safe haven registration" mechanism should be established to register the detailed online information of the institutions designated to accept the infringement notice, so as to promote the effective operation of the safe haven principle. The economic interests should be extended to the indirect interests related to infringing works, so as to construct a complete protection system of the copyright of digital music works.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.41
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