北京都市区就业_居住空间结构及特征研究_刘碧寒
本文关键词:北京都市区就业—居住空间结构及特征研究,由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
人文地理
文章编号:1003-2398(2011)04-0040-08
2011年第4期总第120期
北京都市区就业—居住空间结构及特征研究
刘碧寒1,沈凡卜2
(1.北京大学深圳研究生院,深圳518055;2.美国BNIM建筑事务所,美国堪萨斯市64105)
ASTUDYONTHESPATIALCHARACTERISTICSOFJOBS-HOUSING
STRUCTUREINBEIJINGLIUBi-han1,SHENFan-bu2
(1.ShenzhenGraduateSchool,PekingUniversity,Shenzhen518055,China;
2.BNIMArchitects,Kansas64105,USA)
Abstract:ThispaperprovidesacasestudyofBeijingmetropolitanareatoexploretherelationshipbetweenemploymentandresidentiallocations.WithdatafromthesecondnationalcensusofbasicunitsofBeijingandthefifthpopulationcensusofBeijing,theauthorsconstructgeographydatabaseontheplatformofgeographyinformationsystemsoftwaresoastorevealthespatialdistributionsofemploymentandlivingsites.Basedonthat,theyidentifyemploymentcentersandlivingcenters,aimingatevaluatingthelocalbalancesbetweenem-ploymentandresidentialsites.Accordingtodifferentdividingstandards,9high-densityemploymentcenters,4employmentsub-centersand6employmentintensiveareasareidentifiedwithtoolsofgridanalysisinGIS.Thedrivingforcesoftheseemploymentcentersarecomplicated,buturbanplanandtheallocationoflargescalecorporations,industrialparksandgovernmentofficesmightexertatremendousinfluence.Despiteoflackofaccuratelivingsitesdata,theauthorshavetakendataofstreetsfromthefifthpopulationcensusofBeijinginsteadtoidentifyresidentialcenters.12high-densityresidentialcentersininnercity,4residentialsub-centersinsuburbsand6residentialsub-centersinoutersuburbsarepickedoutrespectively.Theresiden-tialspatialstructureisaffectedgreatlybylivingsuburbanizationandlandtransfermarket.Conclusioncomesthatemploymentcentersaremoreconcentratedthanresidentialcentersininnercity,andtheemploymentcentersareseparatedfromresidentialcenterstoagreatextent.Whencomingtothespatialorganizationoftwofunctions,theauthorsadoptindexofjobs-housingbalancetoevaluatethelocalbalancesbetweenemploy-mentandresidentialsites.Jobsaresurpluscomparedtolocallivingworkersininnercityandresidentsaresurpluscomparedwithlocalemploymentopportunitiesinsurroundingarea.Indexofjobs-housingbalancegoesdownalongwithrisingdistancesawayfromurbancenter.Bothondistrictscaleandstreetscale,spatialstructurescomeintoimbalancesbetweenemploymentandresidentialsites,whichhasbeenahighlightedfea-tureforBeijingmetropolitanarea.
Keywords:jobs-housingbalance;balanceindex;employmentcenter;livingcenter
提要:近二十年来,在经济社会转型和城市化进程不断加快的背景下,我国许多大城市的就业—居住空间结构发生了巨大的变化。本研究以北京都市区为例,建立北京都市区就业—居住基础地理信息数据库,运用GIS空间分析技术对北京就业—居住空间关系进行多尺度分析,在界定就业中心和居住中心的基础上,
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40871076)
作者简介:刘碧寒(1987—),女,江苏盐城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为城市与区域规划。E-mail:liubihan623@。收稿日期:2010-09-15;修订日期:2011-03-08
评价北京都市区的就业与居住平衡状况。研究结果表明,,就业—居住分离是当今北京城市空间结构的突出特征。
关键词:就业—居住平衡;平衡指数;就业中心;居住中心
中图分类号:C912.81文献标识码:A
40
HUMANGEOGRAPHYVol.26.No.42011/8
本文关键词:北京都市区就业—居住空间结构及特征研究,由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
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