论我国司法鉴定制度的构建与完善

发布时间：2018-07-27 17:51

【摘要】：司法鉴定是在诉讼活动中鉴定人运用科学技术或者专门知识对诉讼涉及的专门性问题进行鉴别和判断并提供鉴定意见的活动。2005年10月1日《全国人大常委会关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》颁布实施，，确立了统一管理和规范司法鉴定活动的制度，相对地改善了司法鉴定管理体制混乱的局面。构建我国的司法鉴定制度，一方面要拓展《决定》的管理范围，将各类鉴定活动根据诉讼需要纳入调整范围，使这些司法鉴定活动有法可循；另一方面要切实贯彻《决定》，以《决定》为框架，构建我国的司法鉴定制度，基本包括司法鉴定人、司法鉴定机构、司法鉴定程序、司法鉴定意见这四大方面。司法鉴定人的科学管理，鉴定机构的规范调控，鉴定程序的正当公开，鉴定意见的公正可信这四个方面共同构成了我国司法鉴定的基本制度框架。通过协调司法鉴定的管理、实施和应用之间的关系，形成由司法行政机关有效管理，鉴定机构人员科学鉴定，人民法院中立裁决组成的良好鉴定秩序，才能全面地促进司法鉴定制度的改革，实现构建和完善我国司法鉴定制度的目标。
[Abstract]:Judicial expertise is an activity in which experts use science and technology or expertise to identify and judge the specialized issues involved in the proceedings and provide expert opinions. On October 1, 2005, the standing Committee of the National people's Congress (NPC) Decision on the Administration of Forensic expertise, promulgated and implemented, The system of unified management and standardization of judicial expertise has been established, and the chaotic situation of judicial expertise management system has been improved. To construct the judicial expertise system of our country, on the one hand, we should expand the management scope of "decision", bring all kinds of appraisal activities into the scope of adjustment according to the need of litigation, and make these judicial expertise activities have laws to follow; On the other hand, it is necessary to carry out the "decision" conscientiously, and to set up the system of judicial expertise in our country under the framework of "decision", which basically includes four aspects: judicial appraiser, judicial identification institution, judicial identification procedure and judicial expertise opinion. Four aspects: the scientific management of judicial experts, the normative regulation and control of appraisal institutions, the proper publicity of appraisal procedures and the fairness and credibility of appraisal opinions constitute the basic institutional framework of judicial expertise in China. Through the coordination of the relationship between the administration, implementation and application of judicial expertise, a good appraisal order consisting of the effective management of judicial administrative organs, the scientific appraisal of personnel of appraisal institutions, and the neutral ruling of the people's courts is formed. Only then can we promote the reform of the judicial expertise system and realize the goal of constructing and perfecting the judicial expertise system in our country.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D926;D918.9

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