转型期女性犯罪心理探析

发布时间：2018-08-18 17:58

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济发展突飞猛进,社会关系也发生了很多变化,进入了社会转型的关键时期。在这一时期,我国社会资源重新分配,社会关系得以重新调整,社会结构重新整合完善,同时不可避免的是各种社会矛盾凸显,表现之一就是女性犯罪增多,并且犯罪类型和表现有了新的变化。究其原因,既有女性自身生理、心理的特殊性,又有社会因素。但正如马克思所说,犯罪是独立的个体反抗社会结构的结果,因此女性犯罪数量的增多和新表现从本质上说还是社会矛盾激化的结果,是在社会转型的大环境下经济、社会、文化、教育、家庭等诸多方面的影响所造成的。本文将从转型期女性犯罪的新特征、内部和外部心理因素各方面进行探讨,重点对社会转型期女性犯罪的外部心理因素进行探析,并且谈一下女性犯罪的预防。本文主要包括以下内容: 转型期女性犯罪新特征。主要有犯罪数量相对较少,犯罪数量成上升趋势,犯罪类型的变化,犯罪的社会危害性较小但影响逐步加深,犯罪群体的变化,犯罪低龄化,犯罪的主观方面,多依附于男性形成共同犯罪。转型期女性犯罪因素分析方法。首先探讨分类女性犯罪心理因素的特殊性,然后探讨其共性。在探讨共同性时分两步走,第一步先分析女性犯罪特殊的内部心理因素,第二步分析转型期的环境因素。分类女性犯罪的心理因素。主要包括农村妇女犯罪、白领女性犯罪和青少年女性犯罪三类分别探讨。女性犯罪特殊因素。主要有生理因素和心理因素。生理因素主要是月经期、哺乳期、绝经期情绪波动,心理因素包括心理成熟年龄较低,个性隐忍被动,情感丰富、思维形象化,以家庭和情感为重,享乐主义、爱攀比、嫉妒心强,依附性强、缺乏主见。女性犯罪外部因素。主要包括市场经济的负作用,女性自我意识觉醒,社会控制系统存在缺陷、控制功能弱化,不良文化的影响,家庭暴力抬头、父母教育存在偏差,学校教育存在问题,普法宣传不到位、法律意识单薄、法律援助不够。转型期女性犯罪预防。先对农村女性、白领女性、青少年女性犯罪分开来有针对性地探讨预防措施,再进行共性预防措施探讨。共性预防措施包括注意化解家庭情感纠纷,注意犯罪苗头、预防犯意向犯罪行为转化,遏制家暴、为女性提供法律和情感援助,完善维护妇女权益的相关法律法规,增加妇女就业机会、缓解女性就业压力,加强思想道德教育、树立女性正确的价值观。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, our country economy develops by leaps and bounds, the social relation also has taken place a lot of changes, entered the key period of social transformation. During this period, social resources were reallocated, social relations were readjusted, social structures were readjusted and perfected. At the same time, all kinds of social contradictions were highlighted, one of the manifestations of which was the increase of female crime. And new changes have taken place in the types and manifestations of crimes. Investigate its reason, both female oneself physiology, psychology particularity, also have social factor. But as Marx said, crime is the result of independent individual resistance to the social structure. Therefore, the increase in the number and new manifestation of female crime is essentially the result of the intensification of social contradictions, and is the result of economic and social development in the context of social transformation. The influence of culture, education, family and so on. This article will discuss the new characteristics, internal and external psychological factors of female crime in the transition period, and focus on the analysis of the external psychological factors of female crime in the social transition period, and talk about the prevention of female crime. This paper mainly includes the following contents: the new characteristics of female crime in the transitional period. There are mainly a relatively small number of crimes, a rising trend in the number of crimes, changes in the types of crimes, a small but gradual deepening of the social harmfulness of crimes, changes in criminal groups, the younger age of crimes, and the subjective aspects of crime. More dependent on men to form a joint crime. Analysis method of female crime factors in transition period. Firstly, it discusses the particularity of the psychological factors of female crime, and then discusses its generality. The first step is to analyze the special internal psychological factors of female crime and the second step is to analyze the environmental factors in the transition period. The psychological factors of classifying female crime. Mainly includes rural women crime, white-collar female crime and juvenile female crime respectively. The special factors of female crime. There are mainly physiological and psychological factors. Physiological factors are mainly menstrual, lactating and menopausal emotional fluctuations. Psychological factors include low age of psychological maturity, passive personality, rich emotion, visualized thinking, family and emotional priority, hedonism and love comparison. Jealousy is strong, attachment is strong, lack of initiative. External factors of female crime. It mainly includes the negative effect of market economy, the awakening of female self-consciousness, the defect of social control system, the weakening of control function, the influence of bad culture, the rise of domestic violence, the deviation of parents' education, and the problems in school education. Legal publicity is not in place, legal awareness is weak, legal aid is not enough. Female crime prevention in transition. First, rural women, white-collar women, adolescent women crime separately to explore preventive measures, and then common preventive measures. Common preventive measures include paying attention to resolving family emotional disputes, paying attention to the emergence of crime, preventing the transformation of intentional criminal behavior, curbing domestic violence, providing legal and emotional assistance to women, and perfecting relevant laws and regulations to safeguard women's rights and interests. Increase women's employment opportunities, relieve female employment pressure, strengthen ideological and moral education, and establish women's correct values.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D917

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