警犬鉴别人体气味的可信度研究
发布时间：2018-09-09 15:16
【摘要】： 人体气味是具有个体特征的生物信息,是警犬追踪、气味鉴别等刑侦技术的基础。长期以来我国对警犬的训练及使用作了许多研究,取得了不少成绩,但是能否在不破坏证物的前提下收集到更多的犯罪现场遗留气味;警犬鉴别结果是否可信,能否作为法庭证据;能否用仪器鉴别不同的个体,在国内外少有研究,为此,本试验进行了以下几个方面的研究。 1.用NJ-1型气味提取器及直接吸附法分别提取人体气味,样品经70μm乙烯二醇-二乙烯基苯共聚物萃取头萃取,毛细管气相色谱分析,所得出峰总数用SPSS13.0软件进行配对T检验,P=0.281＞0.005,差异不显著;色谱图经色谱指纹图谱相似度软件分析,相似度大于91%。说明气味提取器和直接吸附法均可用于人体气味的提取。通过比较色谱指纹图谱八强峰及其面积,发现用气味提取器提取6min即可获得与直接吸附30min相同的提取效果,且气味提取器对主峰物质提取的效果更好。 2.选用5头已通过鉴别考试的德国牧羊犬,根据“配对-非配对”方法鉴别人体气味。试验结果表明:温度在5-25℃范围内,警犬鉴别人体气味的成功率平均为83.2%;对不同温度范围内警犬鉴别人体气味的成功率进行方差分析,差异不显著;对于延时不同时间的气味进行分析,发现延时6h之内的气味鉴别成功率高达82%,其鉴别结果的可信度高于国家法庭规定的可信度不低于4.3的要求。 3.利用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法(SPME-GC/MS)分析了人体腋窝气味。以标准品十七烷进行定位,通过谱图分析和相对保留时间计算,确定了八强峰。根据八强峰和指纹图谱分区相似度对指纹图谱进行分析比较,建立了区别不同个体的新方法。该方法能较全面地反映人体气味的特征峰和整体信息,初步探讨了用仪器鉴别不同个体的可能性。
[Abstract]:Human smell is a biological information with individual characteristics, which is the basis of police dog tracking, odour identification and other criminal detection techniques. For a long time, our country has done a lot of research on the training and use of police dogs, and has made a lot of achievements, but whether we can collect more residual odors from the crime scene without destroying the evidence, and whether the results of the identification of police dogs are credible, Whether it can be used as forensic evidence and whether to identify different individuals with instruments is seldom studied at home and abroad. For this reason, the following aspects have been studied in this experiment. 1. The smell of human body was extracted by NJ-1 type odour extractor and direct adsorption method. The samples were extracted by 70 渭 m ethylene diol divinylbenzene copolymer extractor and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. The total number of peaks was analyzed by SPSS13.0 software, and the similarity of chromatogram was greater than 91g by analyzing the similarity of chromatographic fingerprint spectrum by using SPSS13.0 software for paired T test (P < 0. 0281 > 0. 005), and the difference was not significant (P < 0. 005). It is shown that both the odour extractor and the direct adsorption method can be used for the extraction of human scent. By comparing the eight strong peaks and their areas of chromatographic fingerprint, it was found that the extraction effect of 6min with odour extractor was the same as that of direct adsorption of 30min, and the effect of odour extractor on extraction of main peak material was better. 2. Five German Shepherds who had passed the identification test were selected to identify human odors by pairing-non-pairing method. The results showed that the average success rate of dogs in identifying human odors was 83.2 in the range of 5-25 鈩，
本文编号：2232756
[Abstract]:Human smell is a biological information with individual characteristics, which is the basis of police dog tracking, odour identification and other criminal detection techniques. For a long time, our country has done a lot of research on the training and use of police dogs, and has made a lot of achievements, but whether we can collect more residual odors from the crime scene without destroying the evidence, and whether the results of the identification of police dogs are credible, Whether it can be used as forensic evidence and whether to identify different individuals with instruments is seldom studied at home and abroad. For this reason, the following aspects have been studied in this experiment. 1. The smell of human body was extracted by NJ-1 type odour extractor and direct adsorption method. The samples were extracted by 70 渭 m ethylene diol divinylbenzene copolymer extractor and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. The total number of peaks was analyzed by SPSS13.0 software, and the similarity of chromatogram was greater than 91g by analyzing the similarity of chromatographic fingerprint spectrum by using SPSS13.0 software for paired T test (P < 0. 0281 > 0. 005), and the difference was not significant (P < 0. 005). It is shown that both the odour extractor and the direct adsorption method can be used for the extraction of human scent. By comparing the eight strong peaks and their areas of chromatographic fingerprint, it was found that the extraction effect of 6min with odour extractor was the same as that of direct adsorption of 30min, and the effect of odour extractor on extraction of main peak material was better. 2. Five German Shepherds who had passed the identification test were selected to identify human odors by pairing-non-pairing method. The results showed that the average success rate of dogs in identifying human odors was 83.2 in the range of 5-25 鈩，
本文编号：2232756
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