上海市实有人口管理政策措施研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 10:50

【摘要】： 国家是人口的集合,人口管理是国家管理的重要组成部分,人口管理职能是国家内部管理的重要职能。古今中外的统治者都希望将人口问题管理好,因为只有人口问题管理好了,国家内部才能稳定,统治的基础才能扎实,此外,只有人口问题解决了,国家的其他行为才能得到顺利开展。就我国而言,多年来,一直主要依赖户籍制度实施人口管理,这对解决之前计划经济条件下的人口问题非常有效。然而随着经济的发展变革,当市场经济在中国大地上繁荣昌盛的时候,人们发现,改革带来的一系列冲击正不断地挑战原有的制度,传统的户籍制度已经不能很好适应现阶段人口管理的需要,在日益突出的人口流动问题面前,户籍制度显得苍白无力,效用低迷。学者专家们惊呼,如再无有效措施,人口流动问题将失控。上海市作为走在改革前列的城市,自改革开放以来经济发展尤为迅猛,人口流动问题非常突出,常住人口人户分离现象严重,外来人口数量巨大,这些问题带来了一系列副作用,成为困扰管理部门的重要问题。本文试图通过对上海市人口状况的研究,为上海乃至全国的人口管理工作尽绵薄之力。本文讨论的内容定位于“实有人口”,目的是跳出户籍制度的圈子,研究上海市区域内的所有人口。在研究过程中,笔者认为,上海市人口中有固定住址的户籍人口相对容易管理,可沿用原有管理方式继续进行,因此,重点讨论上海市户籍人口中“人户分离”的人口,以及外来人口。归纳一点,笔者更关注人口的流动问题。因为人口的流动问题,是现有人口状况与计划经济时代人口状况的最大区别。
[Abstract]:State is the collection of population, population management is an important part of national management, and the function of population management is an important function of national internal management. The rulers of all times and all over the world hope to manage the population problem well, because only when the population problem is well managed can the country be stable and the foundation of its rule be solid. In addition, only when the population problem has been solved, Only other acts of the state can be carried out smoothly. As far as China is concerned, for many years, it has mainly relied on the household registration system to implement population management, which is very effective in solving the population problems under the planned economy. However, with the development and transformation of the economy, when the market economy flourished in China, people found that a series of shocks brought about by the reform were constantly challenging the original system. The traditional household registration system has not been able to meet the needs of population management at the present stage. In the face of the increasingly prominent population flow, the household registration system is weak and ineffective. Scholars and experts exclaimed that without effective measures, population mobility would be out of control. As a city in the forefront of reform and opening up, Shanghai has witnessed rapid economic development since the reform and opening up. The problem of population mobility is very prominent. The phenomenon of separation of permanent residents from households is serious, and the number of immigrants is huge. These problems have brought a series of side effects and become an important problem puzzling the management department. This paper attempts to contribute to the population management of Shanghai and even the whole country through the study of the population situation in Shanghai. The purpose of this paper is to study all the population in Shanghai area out of the circle of household registration system. In the course of the research, the author thinks that the household registration population with fixed address in Shanghai population is relatively easy to manage, and can continue to carry on with the original management mode. Therefore, the author focuses on the population of "household separation" in Shanghai household registration population. And the foreign population. To sum up, the author pays more attention to the problem of population mobility. The problem of population mobility is the biggest difference between the current population status and the population status in the planned economy era.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D631.42

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