死后人玻璃体液化学成分规律性改变对推断死亡时间的法医学研究

发布时间：2018-10-30 11:26

【摘要】： 背景: 死亡时间(Postmortem Interval PMI)是法医学尸体检验要求解决的重要问题之一,对进一步确定案件性质和阐明作案过程有重要的价值。当前推断死亡时间的方法主要包括:(1)根据尸体现象推断死亡时间。(2)根据胃肠内容物消化程度推断死亡时间。(3)利用昆虫学知识推断死亡时间。(4)根据DNA降解程度推断死亡时间。(5)根据酶化学和组织学变化推断死亡时间等等。由于人眼玻璃体本身具有受到眼眶的保护及相对隔绝的解剖特点,尸体腐败和外界污染等因素对其影响小。玻璃体液容易获取,检测方法简便、相对可靠,尤其是死后玻璃体液中很多物质的化学变化较血液与脑脊液内的要缓慢得多,且相对稳定,变化规律性较强。根据文献报道,目前大多数对眼玻璃体液的研究还停留在动物实验阶段。由于人和动物的种属差异性,很多的研究结果在法医实践中价值不大。本研究用死后人的玻璃体液,通过先进的仪器和有效的方法,检测到死后玻璃体液更多的指标,发现更多与死亡时间密切相关的成分。目的: 用玻璃体液化学成分规律变化推断死亡时间,对多指标进行分析,建立各自的回归方程以及多元回归方程,并计算出相应的死亡时间的预测区间,综合分析,减少误差,使玻璃体液能更广泛地应用于法医实践,尽可能更加准确地推测死亡时间。方法: 1.用日本产HITACHI.7060全自动生化分析仪对玻璃体液化学成分(钠、氯、尿素、肌酐、钾、钙、镁、无机磷)进行测定。 2.人体死后不同时间玻璃体液化学成分测定的样本:死亡时间在0.3～148小时以内尸体的双眼玻璃体液。 3.用SPSS13.0统计软件,将所得数据进行正态性检验后再进行单元及多元回归分析。结果: 1.玻璃体液中钠、氯、尿素、肌酐、钾、钙、镁、无机磷与死亡时间均有一定的相关性。 2.钾离子浓度与死亡时间线性关系明显,方程为PMI=0.702+0.186K~+(r=0.512;R~2=0.262,校正R~2=0.259),PMI的95%预测区间为:(PMI-1.96×3.60,PMI+1.96×3.60)。玻璃体液中无机磷浓度与死亡时间的相关性大,随死亡时间缓慢地升高,方程为PMI=1.617+0.681P(r=0.544;R~2=0.296,校正R~2=0.293),PMI的95%预测区间为:(PMI—1.96×0.85,PMI+1.96×0.85)。 3.钾离子(K~+)、钠离子(Na~+)、磷(P)、镁离子(Mg~(2+))与死亡时间的多元回归方程为:PMI=5.292+0.142K~+-0.022Na~++0.670P-1.007Mg~(2+)(r=0.633;R~2=0.4000,校正R~2=0.388),PMI的预测区间为:(PMI-1.96×1.31.PMI+1.96×1.31)。结论: 1、玻璃体液中的钠、氯离子与死亡时间呈负相关;尿素氮、肌酐、钾离子、钙离子、镁离子、无机磷与死亡时间呈正相关;其中无机磷和钾离子浓度与死亡时间线性关系最明显。 2、结合磷、镁离子、钾离子和钠离子一起建立多元回归方程,可以加强方程的拟合度,更好的反应出玻璃体液随死亡时间变化的关系。 3、本研究未发现左、右眼玻璃体液各化学成分有差异。
[Abstract]:Background: Postmorte Interval PMI (PMI) is one of the important issues to be resolved in forensic autopsy. It is important to further determine the nature of the case and clarify the course of the crime. The method to infer the time of death mainly includes: (1) According to the corpse Body phenomenon inferred the time of death. (2) Treatment based on gastrointestinal contents Extrapolation of death time. (3) Use of insects Learn to infer the time of death. (4) According to the DNA drop The time of death can be inferred. (5) According to the chemical and histological changes of the enzyme due to the fact that the vitreous body of the human eye has the characteristics of being protected by the orbit and relative isolation, the body rot The influence of the factors such as defeat and external pollution is small. The vitreous humor is easy to acquire, the detection method is simple, relatively reliable, especially after the death, the chemical changes of many substances in the vitreous humor are much slower than that in the cerebrospinal fluid. and is relatively stable and has strong change regularity, The study of liquid also remains in the animal experiment stage. Due to the difference of species and species in humans and animals, a lot of The results of this study are of great value in forensic practice. The study uses the glass body fluid of the deceased to detect the more indexes of vitreous humor after death through advanced instruments and effective methods, and finds that More vs. Objective: To estimate the dead time with the change of chemical composition of vitreous humor, to analyze the multi-index, to establish the regression equation and multiple regression equation, and to calculate the death time. the prediction interval of the corresponding death time is calculated, the comprehensive analysis is carried out, the error is reduced, and the body fluid of the glass can be wider. pan-to-ground For forensic practice, estimate the time of death more accurately, as far as possible. Method: 1. Use the Japanese HITACHI. 7060 full-automatic biochemical analyzer Determination of chemical components of vitreous humor (sodium, chlorine, urea, potassium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and inorganic phosphorus). A sample of the chemical composition of vitreous humor: the time of death is within 0. 3-148 hours of the body's eyes vitreous humor. 3. Using SPSS13. 0 statistical software, the obtained data is subjected to positive state inspection, and then the unit and the multiple regression are performed. Results: 1. There was a certain correlation between sodium, chlorine, urea, potassium bicarbonate, potassium, calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphorus and death time in vitreous humor. The linear relation between potassium ion concentration and death time was obviously linear, and the equation was PMI = 0.702 + 0.186K ~ + (r = 0.512; R ~ 2 = 0). 262. The 95% prediction interval of PMI (R ~ 2 = 0. 259) was: (PMI-1.96, 3.60, PMI + 1.96, 3.60). The correlation between inorganic phosphorus concentration and death time in vitreous humor increased slowly with death time. The equation was PMI = 1.617 + 0.681P (r = 0.544; R ~ 2 = 0). 296. The 95% prediction interval of PMI (R ~ 2 = 0. 293) was: (PMI = 1. 96, 0. 85, PMI + 1. 96, 0. 85). 3. The multiple regression equation of potassium ion (K +), sodium ion (Na ~ +), phosphorus (P), magnesium ion (Mg ~ (2 +)) and death time was: PMI = 5.292 + 0.142K ~ +-0.022Na ~ + 0.0670P-1.007Mg ~ (2 +) (r = 0.0633). ;R~ The prediction interval of PMI was: (PMI-1.96-1.31. PMI + 1.96-1.31). Conclusion: 1. Glass There was a negative correlation between sodium, chloride ion and death time in body fluids; potassium ions, potassium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions and inorganic phosphorus were positively correlated with the time of death; in which inorganic phosphorus and potassium ions the linear relation between the concentration and the death time is most obvious.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D919

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