中国现阶段犯罪率增长与居民之间收入差距扩大的关系实证研究
发布时间：2018-11-18 11:57
【摘要】： 中国现阶段正由传统的农业时代向工业化和信息化时代的过渡。中国社会阶层的分化和多元化利益的格局是中国的社会转型的必然结果。在当前利益格局的转型时期，，由于新的利益协调和整合机制尚未建立，因而在分配关系上，出现了分配不公的现象。在我国这样一个有着“不患寡而患不均”的文化传统的国家，群众对分配不公造成的收入差距的心理承受能力不高，尤其当个人把他的处境与某种标准或参照物相比，觉得其应得而未得到时，就产生了怨恨与不满，甚至出现挫折的心理和由不公平感所导致的行为失范。失范行为，在迪尔凯姆看来，它是一种社会或群体中相对而言缺乏规范控制的状态，其根源在于社会集体意识的衰落和个人欲望的急剧膨胀。由于个人心理感到不公平性，而社会缺少相应的控制机制，再加上个人对财富强烈的欲望，很可能走上犯罪之路。 本文运用中国1978年至2002年间犯罪率和居民之间收入差距的数据，对两者的关系进行协整分析，旨在揭示中国现阶段犯罪率的增长与居民之间收入差距扩大的具体关系，进而结合犯罪社会学理论从更深层次来解释两者关系。 本文共分六个部分。第一部分是导言，在这章里，描述了由于相对的贫穷而走上犯罪之路的一些现象，然后从犯罪行为的外部性，阐述了犯罪所带来经济上危害，说明本文研究意义；进而提出了本文所要研究的主题。第二部分综述了国内外学者从经济学角度研究犯罪的理论成果，并提出本文研究的思路和创新之处。第三部分大致反映了中国当前居民之间收入差距的状况以及犯罪的现状。第四部分是本文的核心部分。首先引入测度犯罪率和居民之间收入差距的指标，然后应用葛兰杰因果关系来检验犯罪率增长与居民之间收入差距扩大之间是否存在因果关系，运用协整检验和误差纠正模型来分析中国现阶段犯罪率增长与居民之间收入差距扩大的长期和短期关系。实证结果表明，无论是从长期来看，还是在短期上，这两者都呈显著的正相关性。第五部分是利用实证分析的结果，从两个方面对预防和控制犯罪提出政策建议，一个方面，从经济政策上如何缩小居民之间的收入差距；另一方面是从法律上怎样更好地预防和控制犯罪。第六部分是本文的结束语，考虑到中国现在正处于现代化的转型期，指出了正确理解犯罪率的增长与居民之间收入差距扩大的关系，最后指出了本文理论上不足之处，提出了对犯罪研究进一步的思考。
[Abstract]:China is now in the transition from the traditional agricultural age to the industrialization and information age. The differentiation of Chinese social stratum and the pattern of pluralistic interests are the inevitable result of China's social transformation. In the transition period of the current interest pattern, because the new mechanism of interest coordination and integration has not been established, there is a phenomenon of unfair distribution in the distribution relationship. In our country, which has a cultural tradition of "not being rich but unequal", the people's psychological ability to bear the income gap caused by unfair distribution is not high, especially if the individual compares his situation to a certain standard or reference. When they feel they deserve but not get, they produce resentment and dissatisfaction, even frustration psychology and behavior anomie caused by unfair feeling. In Dilkem's view, it is a state of relative lack of normative control in society or group, and its root lies in the decline of social collective consciousness and the rapid expansion of individual desire. Due to the unfairness of individual psychology and the lack of corresponding control mechanism in society, and the strong desire of individuals for wealth, they are likely to embark on the road of crime. Based on the data of crime rate and income gap between residents in China from 1978 to 2002, this paper makes a cointegration analysis of the relationship between the two, in order to reveal the specific relationship between the increase of crime rate and the widening of income gap between residents in China at the present stage. Then, the relationship between the two is explained from a deeper level with the theory of sociology of crime. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction, in this chapter, it describes some phenomena of taking the road of crime because of relative poverty, then from the externality of criminal behavior, expounds the economic harm brought by crime, explains the significance of this study; Furthermore, the theme of this paper is put forward. The second part summarizes the theoretical achievements of domestic and foreign scholars on crime from the angle of economics, and puts forward the ideas and innovations of this paper. The third part roughly reflects the status of income gap and crime in China. The fourth part is the core part of this paper. First of all, we introduce the index to measure the crime rate and income gap between residents, and then use Granger causality to test whether there is a causal relationship between the increase of crime rate and the widening of income gap between residents. The cointegration test and error correction model are used to analyze the long-term and short-term relationship between the increase of crime rate and the widening income gap between residents in China. The empirical results show that there is a significant positive correlation between them both in the long run and in the short term. The fifth part is to use the results of empirical analysis, from two aspects of crime prevention and control policy recommendations, one aspect, from the economic policy to narrow the income gap between residents; On the other hand, how to better prevent and control crime from the law. The sixth part is the conclusion of this paper, considering that China is now in the transition period of modernization, it points out the relationship between the increase of crime rate and the widening income gap between residents, and finally points out the theoretical deficiencies of this paper. Further thinking about crime research is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D917
本文编号：2339984
[Abstract]:China is now in the transition from the traditional agricultural age to the industrialization and information age. The differentiation of Chinese social stratum and the pattern of pluralistic interests are the inevitable result of China's social transformation. In the transition period of the current interest pattern, because the new mechanism of interest coordination and integration has not been established, there is a phenomenon of unfair distribution in the distribution relationship. In our country, which has a cultural tradition of "not being rich but unequal", the people's psychological ability to bear the income gap caused by unfair distribution is not high, especially if the individual compares his situation to a certain standard or reference. When they feel they deserve but not get, they produce resentment and dissatisfaction, even frustration psychology and behavior anomie caused by unfair feeling. In Dilkem's view, it is a state of relative lack of normative control in society or group, and its root lies in the decline of social collective consciousness and the rapid expansion of individual desire. Due to the unfairness of individual psychology and the lack of corresponding control mechanism in society, and the strong desire of individuals for wealth, they are likely to embark on the road of crime. Based on the data of crime rate and income gap between residents in China from 1978 to 2002, this paper makes a cointegration analysis of the relationship between the two, in order to reveal the specific relationship between the increase of crime rate and the widening of income gap between residents in China at the present stage. Then, the relationship between the two is explained from a deeper level with the theory of sociology of crime. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction, in this chapter, it describes some phenomena of taking the road of crime because of relative poverty, then from the externality of criminal behavior, expounds the economic harm brought by crime, explains the significance of this study; Furthermore, the theme of this paper is put forward. The second part summarizes the theoretical achievements of domestic and foreign scholars on crime from the angle of economics, and puts forward the ideas and innovations of this paper. The third part roughly reflects the status of income gap and crime in China. The fourth part is the core part of this paper. First of all, we introduce the index to measure the crime rate and income gap between residents, and then use Granger causality to test whether there is a causal relationship between the increase of crime rate and the widening of income gap between residents. The cointegration test and error correction model are used to analyze the long-term and short-term relationship between the increase of crime rate and the widening income gap between residents in China. The empirical results show that there is a significant positive correlation between them both in the long run and in the short term. The fifth part is to use the results of empirical analysis, from two aspects of crime prevention and control policy recommendations, one aspect, from the economic policy to narrow the income gap between residents; On the other hand, how to better prevent and control crime from the law. The sixth part is the conclusion of this paper, considering that China is now in the transition period of modernization, it points out the relationship between the increase of crime rate and the widening income gap between residents, and finally points out the theoretical deficiencies of this paper. Further thinking about crime research is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D917
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 张静;中国居民收入差距与通货膨胀关系研究[D];暨南大学;2008年
本文编号：2339984
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