一线消防员心理应激的初步研究

发布时间：2018-12-29 07:35

【摘要】：本研究以问卷调查为主要研究方法,对广州、东莞、深圳等广东地区一线消防员的应激(压力)进行了实证性的探索研究。从理论与实证相结合的角度,探讨目前国内一线消防员应激过程的四个方面,包括心理应激源、应激反应、应对方式和社会支持,对四个分问卷的信度、构想效度和因素结构进行考察。研究结果显示:(1)心理应激源包含六个因子:工作情境、干群关系紧张、社交关系、消防训练、工作特性、生活事件。问卷信度克伦巴赫a系数。86,方差解释量65.6%。(2)应激反应包含六个因子:焦虑状态、身心失调、精神恍惚、植物神经紊乱、兴奋过度、反应失调。问卷信度克伦巴赫a系数。89,方差解释量67.2%。(3)社会支持包含六个因子:社会人群、长辈、朋友、熟人、师长、其他。问卷信度克伦巴赫a系数。78,方差解释量61.5%。(4)应对方式包含六个因子:情绪发泄、娱乐活动、积极的活动、分散注意力、主动消除、寻求帮助。问卷信度克伦巴赫a系数。73,方差解释量65.4%。(5)军衔变量在心理应激源、应激反应、社会支持三个维度差异显著。(6)文化程度变量在心理应激源、社会支持二个维度差异显著。(7)兵源变量在心理应激源、社会支持二个维度差异显著。本研究的研究结果可为有关部门及基层第一线的消防人员有针对性的采取切实可行的应对方法提供客观依据和适当的对策性建议,提高一线消防人员的应对能力与技巧。
[Abstract]:In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the stress (stress) of first-line firefighters in Guangzhou, Dongguan and Shenzhen. From the angle of combination of theory and practice, this paper discusses the four aspects of the stress process of firefighters in China, including the source of psychological stress, stress response, coping style and social support, and the reliability of the four questionnaires. The conception validity and factor structure were investigated. The results showed that: (1) Psychological stressors included six factors: work situation, relationship between cadres and groups, social relationship, fire fighting training, work characteristics and life events. The reliability of the questionnaire was 86 and the variance explanation was 65.6. (2) stress response included six factors: anxiety state, mental disorder, trance, autonomic nerve disorder, excitatory overreaction and reaction disorder. (3) Social support includes six factors: social population, elders, friends, acquaintances, teachers, and others. The reliability of the questionnaire is .78, the variance explanation is 61.5. (4) coping style includes six factors: emotional vent, entertainment, active activity, distraction, active elimination, and seeking help. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.73, and the variance explanation was 65.4.The (5) the rank variables were significantly different in the three dimensions of psychological stressor, stress response and social support. (6) the educational level variable was in the source of psychological stress. There were significant differences in the two dimensions of social support. (7) there were significant differences between the two dimensions of social support. The results of this study can provide objective basis and appropriate countermeasures for relevant departments and frontline firefighters, and improve the coping ability and skills of frontline firefighters.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D631.6

【引证文献】