书写习惯多样性问题研究
发布时间：2019-03-03 18:47
【摘要】：近年来，笔迹学的不断发展，笔迹鉴定的理论基础也在日趋完善，笔迹鉴定结论的科学性地位也已经毋庸置疑。但在笔迹司法鉴定实践中，仍存在鉴定结论错误、倾向性的鉴定结论或者难以做出鉴定结论的现象。究其原因是多方面的，但最主要的原因还是样本的可比性要求得不到满足以及差异点得不到合理的解释，这与鉴定人对书写习惯的多样性认识不足有着密切的关系。因此，对书写习惯的多样性进行分析和研究，完善书写习惯理论是十分有必要的，也是亟须解决的基础理论问题。 本文以书写习惯理论为基础，研究书写习惯多样性的形成机制，并且对书写习惯多样性的概念进行界定。同时，对书写习惯多样性的表现形式及其特点进行研究，并且对书写习惯多样性的表现与变化笔迹、伪装笔迹中的多样性表现进行区分。这在笔迹鉴定中对于区分检材笔迹的多样性表现是同一人书写习惯的反映还是不同人书写习惯的反映具有重要的意义。最后对书写习惯多样性的笔迹鉴定中可能出现的问题进行了分析和研究。 本文分为四个部分，共三万八千余字。 第一个部分是基础理论部分，这一部分先从心理和生理学的角度简要介绍了书写习惯的概念及其形成机制，在此基础上对书写习惯多样性的概念进行了界定，，并重点介绍了书写习惯多样性的形成机制。阐明其形成原因主要包括练习摹仿对象的多样性，书写人的书写技能和书写水平的层次不同，书写人的审美情趣和职业需要的不同以及在签名笔迹中出现书写习惯多样性的概率较大。 第二个部分是在对书写习惯多样性的概念及其形成理论有了一定了解的基础上，对书写习惯多样性的表现形式及其特点进行了描述。书写习惯的多样性主要表现在书体、字体、字形、运笔、笔顺、书写速度、单字的结构和字群的布局以及历时性书写这八个方面。书写习惯的多样性同书写习惯一样，具有特殊性、稳定性和独立性，同时还具有反映的选择性以及关联性。 第三个部分是将书写习惯多样性的表现与伪装笔迹、变化笔迹的多样性进行区分。首先分别对伪装笔迹和变化笔迹的种类及其特点进行了简要的介绍；然后从三者的本质属性及其各自的特征表现上对书写习惯多样性的表现与伪装笔迹、变化笔迹的区别进行阐述。 第四个部分是对书写习惯多样性鉴定中可能出现的部分问题进行了阐述。首先介绍了书写习惯多样性的判定方法，然后对书写习惯多样性鉴定中可能出现的差异点进行解释；接下来是针对书写习惯多样性鉴定中出现的样本字迹不能满足可比性要求的问题对样本的收集提出几点建；，最后是对书写习惯多样性鉴定中可能做出的鉴定结论的形式和条件进行了阐述。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous development of handwriting science, the theoretical basis of handwriting identification is becoming more and more perfect, and the scientific status of handwriting identification conclusion has been indisputable. However, in the practice of handwriting forensic identification, there still exist the phenomenon that the appraisal conclusion is wrong, the tendency appraisal conclusion or the difficulty to make the appraisal conclusion. There are many reasons, but the main reason is that the comparability requirements of the samples are not satisfied and the differences are not explained reasonably, which is closely related to the lack of understanding of the diversity of writing habits. Therefore, it is very necessary to analyze and study the diversity of writing habits and perfect the theory of writing habits, and it is also an urgent basic theory problem to be solved. Based on the theory of writing habits, this paper studies the formation mechanism of the diversity of writing habits, and defines the concept of the diversity of writing habits. At the same time, this paper studies the expression forms and characteristics of the diversity of writing habits, and distinguishes the diversity of writing habits from that of changing handwriting and camouflage handwriting. In handwriting identification, it is of great significance to distinguish whether the diversity of handwriting is the reflection of the writing habit of the same person or the reflection of the writing habit of different people. Finally, the possible problems in handwriting identification of the diversity of writing habits are analyzed and studied. This paper is divided into four parts, a total of more than 38000 words. The first part is the basic theory part. This part firstly introduces the concept of writing habit and its forming mechanism from the angle of psychology and physiology, and then defines the concept of diversity of writing habit. It also introduces the formation mechanism of the diversity of writing habits. The reasons for its formation mainly include the diversity of imitating objects, the different levels of writing skills and writing levels of writers. The difference of aesthetic taste and professional needs of the writer and the variety of writing habits in the signature handwriting are more likely. The second part describes the forms and characteristics of the diversity of writing habits on the basis of a certain understanding of the concept and formation theory of the diversity of writing habits. The diversity of writing habits is mainly manifested in eight aspects: book style, character shape, pen movement, pen order, writing speed, structure of single character and layout of character group, as well as diachronic writing. The diversity of writing habits is as special, stable and independent as writing habits, but also has the selectivity and relevance of reflection. The third part distinguishes the diversity of writing habits from that of camouflage handwriting and changing handwriting. Firstly, the types and characteristics of camouflage handwriting and varied handwriting are briefly introduced. Then from the nature of the three attributes and their respective characteristics of the performance of the diversity of writing habits and camouflage handwriting, the difference between the changes in handwriting. The fourth part is about the possible problems in the identification of the diversity of writing habits. This paper first introduces the method of judging the diversity of writing habits, and then explains the possible differences in the identification of the diversity of writing habits. Next, the author puts forward some suggestions for the collection of the sample handwriting which can not meet the requirement of comparability in the identification of the diversity of writing habits. Finally, the paper expounds the forms and conditions of the possible identification conclusions in the identification of the diversity of writing habits.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D918.9
本文编号：2433999
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous development of handwriting science, the theoretical basis of handwriting identification is becoming more and more perfect, and the scientific status of handwriting identification conclusion has been indisputable. However, in the practice of handwriting forensic identification, there still exist the phenomenon that the appraisal conclusion is wrong, the tendency appraisal conclusion or the difficulty to make the appraisal conclusion. There are many reasons, but the main reason is that the comparability requirements of the samples are not satisfied and the differences are not explained reasonably, which is closely related to the lack of understanding of the diversity of writing habits. Therefore, it is very necessary to analyze and study the diversity of writing habits and perfect the theory of writing habits, and it is also an urgent basic theory problem to be solved. Based on the theory of writing habits, this paper studies the formation mechanism of the diversity of writing habits, and defines the concept of the diversity of writing habits. At the same time, this paper studies the expression forms and characteristics of the diversity of writing habits, and distinguishes the diversity of writing habits from that of changing handwriting and camouflage handwriting. In handwriting identification, it is of great significance to distinguish whether the diversity of handwriting is the reflection of the writing habit of the same person or the reflection of the writing habit of different people. Finally, the possible problems in handwriting identification of the diversity of writing habits are analyzed and studied. This paper is divided into four parts, a total of more than 38000 words. The first part is the basic theory part. This part firstly introduces the concept of writing habit and its forming mechanism from the angle of psychology and physiology, and then defines the concept of diversity of writing habit. It also introduces the formation mechanism of the diversity of writing habits. The reasons for its formation mainly include the diversity of imitating objects, the different levels of writing skills and writing levels of writers. The difference of aesthetic taste and professional needs of the writer and the variety of writing habits in the signature handwriting are more likely. The second part describes the forms and characteristics of the diversity of writing habits on the basis of a certain understanding of the concept and formation theory of the diversity of writing habits. The diversity of writing habits is mainly manifested in eight aspects: book style, character shape, pen movement, pen order, writing speed, structure of single character and layout of character group, as well as diachronic writing. The diversity of writing habits is as special, stable and independent as writing habits, but also has the selectivity and relevance of reflection. The third part distinguishes the diversity of writing habits from that of camouflage handwriting and changing handwriting. Firstly, the types and characteristics of camouflage handwriting and varied handwriting are briefly introduced. Then from the nature of the three attributes and their respective characteristics of the performance of the diversity of writing habits and camouflage handwriting, the difference between the changes in handwriting. The fourth part is about the possible problems in the identification of the diversity of writing habits. This paper first introduces the method of judging the diversity of writing habits, and then explains the possible differences in the identification of the diversity of writing habits. Next, the author puts forward some suggestions for the collection of the sample handwriting which can not meet the requirement of comparability in the identification of the diversity of writing habits. Finally, the paper expounds the forms and conditions of the possible identification conclusions in the identification of the diversity of writing habits.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D918.9
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