脑震荡鼠认知障碍的脑神经元和胆碱能神经元变化研究
发布时间：2019-03-16 11:14
【摘要】：目的：建立脑震荡(Brain concussion，Bc)大鼠模型，观察BC大鼠的认知功能和大脑皮层、背侧海马、齿状回和脑干网状结构神经元的组织学变化及基底前脑和脑干网状结构的胆碱能神经元的变化，探讨BC大鼠的认知障碍与相关脑区神经元及胆碱能神经元病理变化的关系，为临床诊断、治疗和涉及脑震荡的法医学鉴定提供客观的病理学理论依据。方法：应用自制单摆式闭合性机械打击装置建立脑震荡大鼠模型；成年SD大鼠随机分为1个对照组(n=12)和6个脑震荡组(即伤后1、2、4、8、16、24d，n=12)；应用Morris水迷宫(Morris Water Maze，MWM)实验评价大鼠的学习记忆功能；用光镜对大鼠的上述脑区的固缩变性坏死细胞进行观察和计数；用免疫组化方法检测基底前脑和脑干网状结构的胆碱乙酰转移酶(cholin acetyltransferase，ChAT)阳性细胞的表达。结果：与对照组相比，BC后1～7d进行MWM实验的大鼠在前3天找到平台的时间显著延长(P＜0.05)，BC后8～14d、15～21d无显著性差异。与对照组相比，BC后在大脑皮质、背侧海马和齿状回部位，固缩变性和不完全坏死细胞数先显著增加(P＜0.05)，然后逐渐减少，至24d基本恢复正常；顶叶、梨状皮质比颞叶皮质变性坏死细胞多，差异有高度显著性(P＜0.01)；大脑左侧比右侧变性坏死细胞稍少但差异无显著性；在BC后4d，脑桥核、斜方体核平面的脑干网状结构中固缩变性和不完全坏死细胞数明显增多(P＜0.05)，其它组间无显著性差异。基底前脑ChAT阳性细胞数及其活性表达在BC后明显减少，，然后逐渐增加至24d基本正常(伤后1、2、4、8、16d与对照组比较P＜0.05)；脑干网状结构ChAT阳性细胞活性表达伤后1d一过性上升，第2d略下降，然后逐渐上升，24d达顶峰(伤后8、16、24d与对照组比较P＜0.05)。结论：1、单摆式闭合性机械打击装置能成功建立脑震荡大鼠模型；2、脑震荡大鼠在MWM实验中出现早期空间认知行为障碍；3、脑震荡大鼠大脑皮质、背侧海马、齿状回和脑干网状结构出现程度不等的部分神经元固缩变性和不完全性坏死；4、脑震荡大鼠基底前脑、脑干网状结构ChAT活性表达有明显变化；5、脑震荡大鼠认知障碍与相关脑区神经元、胆碱能神经元的变化有关联。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish a rat model of concussion (Brain concussion,Bc) and observe the cognitive function, cerebral cortex and dorsal hippocampus of BC rats. The histological changes of dentate gyrus and brainstem reticular structure neurons and the changes of cholinergic neurons in basal forebrain and brainstem reticular structure were studied to investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and the pathological changes of neurons and cholinergic neurons in related brain regions in BC rats. To provide an objective theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment and forensic identification of concussion. Methods: the rat model of cerebral concussion was established by using a self-made closed mechanical percussion device, and adult SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 12) and brain shock group (n = 6) (1,2,4,8,16,24 days after injury, n = 12), and the rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 12) and brain shock group (n = 6). The learning and memory function of the rats was evaluated by Morris water maze (Morris Water Maze,MWM, and the pyknotic necrotic cells in the above brain regions were observed and counted by light microscope. The expression of choline acetyltransferase (cholin acetyltransferase,ChAT) positive cells in the reticular structure of basal forebrain and brainstem was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results: compared with the control group, the time of finding the platform in the first 3 days after the MWM test was significantly prolonged in the rats at the 1st day after BC (P < 0. 05), BC), and there was no significant difference on the 15th day and the 21st day after the first 3 days (P < 0. 05), BC). Compared with the control group, the number of pyknotic and incomplete necrotic cells in cerebral cortex, dorsal hippocampus and dentate gyrus increased significantly after BC, then decreased gradually, and returned to normal level at 24 days. The number of degeneration and necrosis cells in parietal lobe and piriform cortex was higher than that in temporal lobe (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference in the left side of the brain and the right side (P < 0.01). On the 4th day after BC, the number of pyknotic and incomplete necrotic cells in the reticular structures of pontine nucleus and trapezoid nucleus increased significantly (P < 0 05), but there was no significant difference among the other groups (P < 0 05). The number and activity of ChAT positive cells in basal forebrain decreased significantly after BC and then increased to normal at 24 days (1,2,4,8,16 days after injury compared with the control group). The activity of ChAT positive cells in brain stem reticular structure increased transiently on the 1st day, decreased slightly on the 2nd day, then increased gradually, and reached the peak on the 24th day (compared with the control group on the 8th, 16th, 24th day after injury). Conclusion: 1) the rat model of cerebral concussion can be successfully established by single-pendulum closed mechanical percussion device, (2) the rats with cerebral concussion have early spatial cognitive behavior disorder in the MWM experiment. (3) the cerebral cortex, dorsal hippocampus, dentate gyrus and brainstem reticular structure in concussion rats had different degrees of pyknosis and incomplete necrosis of the neurons in the cortex, dorsal hippocampus, dentate gyrus and brainstem reticular structure. (4) the activity of ChAT in basal forebrain and brainstem reticular structure of rats with concussion was significantly changed, and 5, cognitive impairment was associated with the changes of neurons and cholinergic neurons in the related brain area of rats with concussion.
【学位授予单位】：昆明医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：D919
本文编号：2441223
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish a rat model of concussion (Brain concussion,Bc) and observe the cognitive function, cerebral cortex and dorsal hippocampus of BC rats. The histological changes of dentate gyrus and brainstem reticular structure neurons and the changes of cholinergic neurons in basal forebrain and brainstem reticular structure were studied to investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and the pathological changes of neurons and cholinergic neurons in related brain regions in BC rats. To provide an objective theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment and forensic identification of concussion. Methods: the rat model of cerebral concussion was established by using a self-made closed mechanical percussion device, and adult SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 12) and brain shock group (n = 6) (1,2,4,8,16,24 days after injury, n = 12), and the rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 12) and brain shock group (n = 6). The learning and memory function of the rats was evaluated by Morris water maze (Morris Water Maze,MWM, and the pyknotic necrotic cells in the above brain regions were observed and counted by light microscope. The expression of choline acetyltransferase (cholin acetyltransferase,ChAT) positive cells in the reticular structure of basal forebrain and brainstem was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results: compared with the control group, the time of finding the platform in the first 3 days after the MWM test was significantly prolonged in the rats at the 1st day after BC (P < 0. 05), BC), and there was no significant difference on the 15th day and the 21st day after the first 3 days (P < 0. 05), BC). Compared with the control group, the number of pyknotic and incomplete necrotic cells in cerebral cortex, dorsal hippocampus and dentate gyrus increased significantly after BC, then decreased gradually, and returned to normal level at 24 days. The number of degeneration and necrosis cells in parietal lobe and piriform cortex was higher than that in temporal lobe (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference in the left side of the brain and the right side (P < 0.01). On the 4th day after BC, the number of pyknotic and incomplete necrotic cells in the reticular structures of pontine nucleus and trapezoid nucleus increased significantly (P < 0 05), but there was no significant difference among the other groups (P < 0 05). The number and activity of ChAT positive cells in basal forebrain decreased significantly after BC and then increased to normal at 24 days (1,2,4,8,16 days after injury compared with the control group). The activity of ChAT positive cells in brain stem reticular structure increased transiently on the 1st day, decreased slightly on the 2nd day, then increased gradually, and reached the peak on the 24th day (compared with the control group on the 8th, 16th, 24th day after injury). Conclusion: 1) the rat model of cerebral concussion can be successfully established by single-pendulum closed mechanical percussion device, (2) the rats with cerebral concussion have early spatial cognitive behavior disorder in the MWM experiment. (3) the cerebral cortex, dorsal hippocampus, dentate gyrus and brainstem reticular structure in concussion rats had different degrees of pyknosis and incomplete necrosis of the neurons in the cortex, dorsal hippocampus, dentate gyrus and brainstem reticular structure. (4) the activity of ChAT in basal forebrain and brainstem reticular structure of rats with concussion was significantly changed, and 5, cognitive impairment was associated with the changes of neurons and cholinergic neurons in the related brain area of rats with concussion.
【学位授予单位】：昆明医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：D919
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