高低级别公职人员经济犯罪特征比较分析

发布时间：2019-06-20 20:58

【摘要】：公职人员经济犯罪是指国家工作人员的贪污贿赂犯罪，它以权钱交易、权力滥用为基本特征。高级不法公职人员，由于职位高、机会多，，大肆利用职权收取贿赂，敛财金额巨大，影响面广，理应受到社会各界的高度重视。与此同时，更有“小人物”俨然成为各类贪腐大案的“主角”，他们是底层的科级官员，有些甚至连科级都称不上，如村官等。而他们实施的经济犯罪所造成的影响同样令社会震惊。可见，无论是高级别还是低级别公职人员，其经济犯罪的社会负面影响都是巨大的。不仅影响了干群关系、资金的合理分配，更是制约了和谐社会的构建。因此，研究高低级别公职人员经济犯罪特征及其差异，具有重要的现实意义。本文从实证的角度，利用相关经济学理论分析高低级别公职人员经济犯罪特征及其差异，并有针对性的对预防高、低级别公职人员经济犯罪提出行之有效的操作策略。主要研究内容如下：（1）通过典型案例分析和描述性统计得出高低级别公职人员经济犯罪特征及其差异。首先，对高、低级别的六个典型案例进行分析，得出高、低级别公职人员经济犯罪的一般行为路径。其次，对搜集的730个调研数据进行描述性分析，用事实说明不同级别公职人员经济犯罪的特征。（2）通过构建公职人员效用函数，分析导致高、低级别公职人员实施经济犯罪行为的影响因素。首先，提出公职人员经济犯罪行为决策的约束条件，分别为需求动机、“进入”成本和道德自律，并分析其对高、低级别公职人员的约束程度。接着，构建公职人员效用函数，得出影响公职人员决策过程的因素包括个人效用偏好结构、既有效用量、风险偏好和惩治力度，并分别对高低级别进行分析。（3）构建高、低级别公职人员经济犯罪隐蔽性影响因素的二元logistic回归模型。根据已有文献，本文选取潜伏期、敛财手段和资产处置方式作为公职人员经济犯罪隐蔽性的指标。结论为：高级别比低级别公职人员经济犯罪更加隐蔽。影响高级别公职人员经济犯罪隐蔽性的主要是潜伏期、犯罪次数、所得来源种类等犯罪因素；影响低级别的主要是年龄、教育程度、家庭状况等个人因素；犯罪总金额则是两者的共同影响因素。最后，针对高低级别公职人员经济犯罪的特征差异，提出预防不同级别公职人员经济犯罪的策略建议。
[Abstract]:The economic crime of public officials refers to the crime of embezzlement and bribery of state functionaries, which is characterized by the transaction of power and money and the abuse of power. Senior illegal public officials, because of their high positions and many opportunities, wantonly use their functions and powers to collect bribes, accumulate huge amounts of money and have a wide range of influence, and should be attached great importance to by all walks of life. At the same time, "small potatoes" have become the "protagonists" of all kinds of corruption cases, they are the bottom of the department level officials, some even department level, such as village officials and so on. The impact of the economic crimes they commit is also shocking to society. It can be seen that whether high-level or low-level public officials, the social negative impact of economic crime is huge. It not only affects the relationship between cadres and masses, but also restricts the construction of harmonious society. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the characteristics and differences of economic crimes of high and low level public officials. From the empirical point of view, this paper analyzes the characteristics and differences of economic crimes of high and low level public officials by using the relevant economic theories, and puts forward effective operational strategies to prevent the economic crimes of high and low level public officials. The main research contents are as follows: (1) through typical case analysis and descriptive statistics, the characteristics and differences of economic crime of high and low level public officials are obtained. First of all, six typical cases of high and low level are analyzed, and the general behavior path of economic crime of high and low level public officials is obtained. Secondly, the descriptive analysis of 730 survey data is carried out, and the characteristics of economic crime of public officials at different levels are explained by facts. (2) by constructing the utility function of public officials, the influencing factors of economic crime committed by high and low level public officials are analyzed. First of all, the constraint conditions of public officials' economic crime behavior decision are put forward, which are demand motivation, "entry" cost and moral self-discipline, and the restraint degree to high and low level public officials is analyzed. Then, the utility function of public officials is constructed, and the factors that affect the decision-making process of public officials include the structure of personal utility preference, both effective dosage, risk preference and punishment strength, and analyze the high and low levels respectively. (3) to construct a binary logistic regression model for the hidden influencing factors of economic crime of high and low level public officials. According to the existing literature, this paper selects the incubation period, the means of accumulating money and the way of asset disposal as the indicators of the concealment of public officials' economic crimes. The conclusion is that the economic crime of high-level public officials is more covert than that of low-level public officials. The main factors that affect the concealment of economic crime of high-level public officials are the incubation period, the number of crimes, the source of income and other criminal factors, the lower levels are mainly personal factors such as age, education level, family status, and the total amount of crime is the common influencing factor of the two. Finally, according to the characteristics of economic crime of high and low grade public officials, this paper puts forward some strategic suggestions to prevent the economic crime of different levels of public officials.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D917

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