从中韩关系发展看韩国外交战略调整
本文关键词：从中韩关系发展看韩国外交战略调整，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
从中韩关系发展看韩国外交战略调整
从中韩关系发展看韩国外交战略调整
在现实主义国际关系理论中,国际社会处于无政府状态,要维护国家安全利益不受到损害,必须提升自身的军事实力,以求自助;或与他国联合,以抗衡敌国的势力与影响,形成均势。均势战略一直以来就是各国外交战略选择中的重点考虑对象。随着冷战的结束,两极格局分崩瓦解,但是新的国际体系还没有形成。国际社会正处在一个转型的过程中。和平与发展已经成为这个时代的主题。均势战略在某些地区发生了变化。韩国,这个东北亚地区重要国家,从冷战时期到21世纪初,其外交战略发生了从“均势战略——平衡战略——带有均势色彩的平衡战略”的变化。中韩关系的发展起步晚,发展快,不到20年的时间里,中韩两国在政治、经济、文化乃至军事等诸多领域有了飞速的发展,这在国际关系史上是比较有特点的。中韩两国在冷战时期分属东西方两个敌对阵营,曾经在朝鲜战争上兵戎相见。但是进入20世纪90年代,两国水到渠成的建立了外交关系。中国在韩国外交中所占的地位迅速提高。出于自身利益的考虑,中国在韩国外交中所占的比例越来越大;出于独立发展的考虑,韩国努力在外交中摆脱美国的影响。因此在外交战略上,韩国选择与中美等国进行等距离外交。而随着近年来中国经济实力,国际地位的快速提升,处于弱势的韩国又逐渐感受到了中国所带来的压力。为了满足其心理上的安全需要,现实的选择与其盟友美国拉近关系,以制衡中国。
【Abstract】 In the concept of Realism of the international relations, the international community is at a state of anarchy. A rational state must make its priority to prevent the national security from any potential harm, which requires the country to enhance its military power. During the process of strengthening its security, some relatively weak countries have to find a strong ally in order to form a balance of power with their challengers.With the ending of Cold War, the Yalta System have gone with the wind, however, it does not mean that a new international political system is formed immediately. Therefore, the Strategy of“Balance of Power”is still popular in some regions and countries, although there might be some kind of changes.Republic of Korea, which is the ally of the United States, built the diplomatic relations with China in 1992, which turned a new leaf on the bilateral relations. With the fast growing and maturing relations between the two important Northeast Asia countries, the diplomatic strategy of Republic of Korea presents a changing trend, ranging from the classical Balance of Power, to the Balancing strategy. This kind of alteration reflects the status of China in the eyes of Republic of Korea. However, when Lee Myung-bak was voted into the office, there are some obvious differences in his foreign policies compared with his predecessors. His blueprint of diplomatic strategy shows a returning trend to the Balance of Power, because of the pressure from the powerful China.
【关键词】 外交战略； 均势战略； 平衡战略； 韩国； 中国；【Key words】 Diplomatic Strategy； Balance of Power； Balancing Strategy； Republic of Korea； People’s Republic of China；
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本文关键词：从中韩关系发展看韩国外交战略调整，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
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