中美养老保障制度对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 05:22

本文关键词：中美养老保障制度对比研究　出处：《电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前中国面临严重的老龄化，因为医疗技术和生活条件的改善使中国人的预期寿命不断增长。从社会发展水平的角度来看这是一个很好的现象，但是中国的独生子女政策使青年人所占比重呈明显的下降趋势，而从目前来看今后几十年这一比例可能还会有所降低。现在中国已经进入老年化社会，据推算二十年后我国六十岁以上老年人所占比例将达到百分之三十左右，“老有所养，老有所依”已是我国社会的关注焦点。不仅是我国面临老龄化的问题同时这也是一个世界性问题，现今世界上大多数国家都承受着养老保障的巨大压力。美国作为世界头号经济、军事强国，其有完备的养老保障制度，就目前来看其制度运行良好，具有很好的借鉴意义。我们可以从美国和中国的养老保障制度发展历史中得出这样一种结论，政府应该是作为养老保障制度的核心、起到主导作用，，否则养老制度的发展将受到严重制约。同时中美两国养老保障制度的发展还说明：除了政府责任之外还应该利用市场的调节功能来对基本养老保障进行补充，同时加强相关立法，并且处理好政府与市场之间的关系。本文将从以下基本部分进行相关论述。第一部分对国内外研究现状进行简要概述。第二部分将对中美养老保障制度提出比较设计假设。第三部分简单介绍中美两国的养老保障制度及其发展历程。第四部分针对西方民主思想对养老保障制度的影响进行论述并对中美两国政府在养老保障制度中的责任进行简要概括。第五部分就对中美两国的现行养老保障制度及养老保障水平做出对比，以期得到结论。第六部分对我国目前养老保障制度提出相关改进建议。
[Abstract]:At present, China is facing a serious aging, because of the improvement of medical technology and living conditions, the life expectancy of Chinese is increasing, which is a good phenomenon from the perspective of the level of social development. But China's one-child policy has led to a marked decline in the proportion of young people, which is likely to decline in the next several ten years. China has now entered an aging society. It is estimated that in twenty years' time, the proportion of the elderly over 60 years old will reach about 30%, "the elderly have a sense of security." It is not only the problem that our country is facing aging, but also a worldwide problem. Nowadays, most countries in the world are under great pressure of old-age security. As the world's largest economic and military power, the United States has a complete pension security system. Has very good reference significance. We can draw a conclusion from the development history of the old-age security system in the United States and China that the government should be the core of the old-age security system and play a leading role. Otherwise, the development of the old-age system will be seriously restricted. At the same time, the development of the old-age security system in China and the United States also shows that in addition to government responsibility, we should also use the regulatory function of the market to supplement the basic old-age security. At the same time, strengthen the relevant legislation, and deal with the relationship between the government and the market. The first part is a brief overview of the current research situation at home and abroad. The second part will put forward the comparative design assumptions of the Chinese and American old-age security system. The third part will briefly introduce the Chinese and American pension system. The two countries' endowment security system and its development course. 4th part discusses the influence of western democratic thought on the pension security system and briefly summarizes the responsibility of the Chinese and American governments in the pension security system. 5th. Part of the current old-age security system in China and the United States and the level of pension security to make a comparison. In order to get a conclusion. 6th part of the current pension security system in China to put forward some suggestions for improvement.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D771.2;D632.1

【参考文献】