美国特别区政府研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 13:12

本文关键词：美国特别区政府研究　出处：《华中师范大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 美国特别区政府是一种向特定地区提供公共服务,执行单一或有限职能的独立的地方政府类型,是美国地方政府网络的重要组成部分。特别区政府目前数目最多、发展最快,在过去的近半个世纪,特别区的增长率已达到202.9%,无论在数量还是类型上都远远超过了所有其他形式地方政府。就对美国地方政府的研究而言,它是一个特殊的观察点。本文运用规范与实证相结合的研究方法,对美国特别区政府的历史起源、产生、发展、组织结构与功能进行系统和全面的考察,分析了特别区在发展过程中面临的困难和问题,并对特别区在实践中的影响和作用进行理论总结和评析。通过研究发现,作为美国地方政府的一种特殊形式,特别区的产生和发展与满足居民日益扩大的公共服务需求息息相关。由于组织形式、财政安排及运作机制的灵活性,特别区在提供公共服务和满足居民日常服务需求等方面具有一定和特殊的优势。不过,特别区的建立,并不能在公共服务提供方面实现一劳永逸。在实践中,特别区也存在资源浪费、重复建设、服务效率低下以及居民参与不足等问题。总体而言,尽管在实践中人们对特别区的评价褒贬不一,但其已构成美国人生活的一部分。因此,需要在组织体系优化与整合、加强机构间在公共服务提供方面的协同配合以及完善监督制约机制和居民参与等方面进行改革。美国特别区的实践从正反两个方面均为我们提供了一定的借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:The United States is a kind of special zone government to provide public services to the specific area, independent local government performs single or limited function, is an important part of the local government network. Currently the largest number of special district government, the development of the fastest, nearly half a century in the past, especially the growth rate has reached 202.9%, no matter in the quantity or type are far more than all other forms of local government. On the research of the local government, it is a special observation point.
The research method of this paper uses a combination of normative and empirical, especially on the United States District in the state of origin, production, development, organization structure and function were investigated systematically and comprehensively, analyzes the difficulties and problems facing the region especially in the process of development, and the influence of special area in practice and effect is analyzed and evaluated. The theory.
Through the study found that, as a special form of local government in the United States, the emergence and development of the special zone is closely related to meet the growing needs of residents of public service. As the form of organization, financial arrangements and operational flexibility, and special area has some special advantages in the provision of public services and meet the daily service demand of residents and so on.
However, the establishment of the special zone, and cannot provide the implementation once and for all in the public services. In practice, the special zone also has a waste of resources, redundant construction, low service efficiency and insufficient participation and other issues. Overall, despite the evaluation of the special district mixed in practice, but it has formed a part of American life. Therefore, in the organization system optimization and integration, strengthen inter agency in the public service to provide coordination and improve the supervision mechanism and other aspects of the reform. Residents to participate in the practice of the United States special district from two aspects of positive and negative for us to provide a reference and reference.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D771.2

【引证文献】