机制协调与未来亚洲安全架构

发布时间：2018-01-23 20:45

本文关键词： 机制协调中美关系安全架构亚洲安全　出处：《国际展望》2015年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：由于亚洲各国的多元性与安全问题的复杂性,在未来较长一段时期内,对亚洲来说最重要的是如何协调各种安全机制间的关系,而不是建立一个强有力的、统一的、全地区性的安全架构。当前亚洲安全架构面临的主要问题是:对抗型的同盟机制较多,而防御型的集体安全机制缺乏;安全机制与安全问题不够匹配,使得安全机制"冗余"与"赤字"同时存在;主要安全机制及大国间缺乏有效的协调,导致不能有效解决中美这一对新老大国的结构性矛盾。因此要应对上述问题,根本之道在于从中美互动入手,根据亚洲安全问题的特点,建立如下三个层次的安全机制:第一,以亚洲国家为主导,中美参与的、致力于对话与建立互信的论坛性机制;第二,由邻近国家或具有共同利益关切国家组成的、以促进次区域稳定与和平为目的的协调性机制甚至是集体性安全机制;第三,中美共同主导、相关国家参与的、以解决特定问题为目的的强制性机制。由此,可形成由不同层次、领域和议题等安全机制相互配合、协调的安全架构。
[Abstract]:Because of the diversity of Asian countries and the complexity of security issues, the most important thing for Asia in the longer future is to coordinate the relationships between the various security mechanisms, rather than to build a strong one. A unified, regional security architecture. The main problems facing the current Asian security architecture are as follows: there are many antagonistic alliance mechanisms, while defensive collective security mechanisms are lacking; The security mechanism does not match with the security problem, which makes the security mechanism "redundant" and "deficit" exist at the same time; The lack of effective coordination between the major security mechanisms and the major powers has led to the inability to effectively resolve the structural contradictions between the new and old powers of China and the United States. Therefore, to deal with the above problems, the fundamental solution lies in starting from the interaction between China and the United States. According to the characteristics of Asian security issues, the following three levels of security mechanisms are established: first, a forum mechanism, led by Asian countries and with the participation of China and the United States, is devoted to dialogue and building mutual trust; Secondly, coordination mechanisms or even collective security mechanisms composed of neighbouring countries or countries of common interest aimed at promoting stability and peace in the subregion; Third, a mandatory mechanism with the participation of China and the United States, with the participation of relevant countries, for the purpose of solving specific problems. As a result, a security framework coordinated by different security mechanisms, such as different levels, fields and issues, can be formed.
【作者单位】：上海社会科学院国际关系研究所;
【分类号】：D73
【正文快照】： 很多学者都注意到,亚洲并不缺乏各种次区域的安全安排。从东亚到南亚,再到中亚,都存在众多的双边或地区多边安全安排甚至是同盟,特别是美国主导的双边同盟体系。事实上,在过去10—15年中,亚洲国家已经建立了一批合作性的安全制度、机制和进程。1上海合作组织可算其中一例。但

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