红色高棉的兴衰

发布时间：2018-02-16 20:44

本文关键词： 红色高棉柬埔寨波尔布特　出处：《山东大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 红色高棉运动是当代世界社会主义运动的重要事件。它的兴起、发展、衰落都有其独特的地方,能够为世界社会主义运动的研究提供更为丰富的材料。它的兴起与柬埔寨民族独立紧密联系在一起,在反对外国殖民主义的斗争中,逐渐壮大起来。由于西哈努克突然被废黜,他们得以与西哈努克建立统一阵线,在通力合作之下,他们取得了政权,建立了民主柬埔寨。在掌握了政权之后,他们实行了极左的政策,这段时间集中体现了“左”的错误对社会主义建设的巨大危害,正是由于这种巨大危害引起人民的不满,越南趁机凭借强大的军事力量侵略了柬埔寨,红色高棉在掌权三年零八个月后丢掉了政权。于是,红色高棉回到丛林继续坚持斗争,在后来的柬埔寨和平问题谈判过程中,他们没有把握好机会,加上一些大国边缘政治因素的影响,还有自身的分裂和内讧,他们终于走到历史的尽头,土崩瓦解,灰飞烟灭。本文在世界社会主义运动的大背景下,回顾总结红色高棉兴衰的历史,并且对它兴衰的原因做浅陋分析,继而试图总结它为世界社会主义运动所能提供的经验教训。本文共分为五部分:前言,简要介绍红色高棉名称的来历以及所指范围的变化,简要介绍红色高棉一些主要的领导人;第二部分,简述红色高棉的兴起历程,分析这个阶段的柬埔寨国内国际环境,浅析红色高棉兴起的原因;第三部分,回顾红色高棉掌握政权的历史,整理红色高棉掌权时期采取的极“左”的一系列措施,分析这些措施出台、施行的部分原因,以及它必然失败的理由,总结红色高棉走向衰落的内因;第四部分,回顾红色高棉走向衰落的历史轨迹,从它自身和外国政治势力的影响等角度分析它衰亡的原因。第五部分,通过以上对历史的回顾和对历史事件发生的原因的分析,分析红色高棉为以后社会主义运动提供的教训,从不同角度对这些教训作了总结:从马克思主义政党应当坚持的思想路线的角度,从正确对待矛盾的角度,从正确处理社会主义民主与社会主义法制的角度,从建设好马克思主义政党的角度,从正确对待知识分子正确处理科技和教育工作的角度。
[Abstract]:The Khmer Rouge Movement is an important event of the contemporary socialist movement in the world. Its rise, development and decline have their own unique features. Able to provide more material for the study of the world socialist movement. Its rise was closely linked to the national independence of Cambodia, and gradually grew in the struggle against foreign colonialism. Sihanouk was suddenly deposed, They were able to establish a United front with Sihanouk, and, with full cooperation, they gained power, established Democratic Kampuchea. After taking power, they implemented a policy of extreme left. This period of time has concentrated on the great harm to socialist construction caused by the "left" mistake. It is precisely because of this great harm that the people are dissatisfied that Vietnam took the opportunity to invade Cambodia by virtue of its powerful military force. The Khmer Rouge lost power after three years and eight months in power. So, the Khmer Rouge returned to the jungle to continue its struggle, and they failed to seize the opportunity in the subsequent negotiations on peace in Cambodia. Combined with the influence of political factors on the fringes of some big powers, and their own divisions and infighting, they finally came to the end of history, disintegrating and collapsing. Against the background of the world socialist movement, this paper reviews and summarizes the history of the rise and fall of the Khmer Rouge, and makes a superficial analysis of the reasons for its rise and fall. This paper is divided into five parts: preface, brief introduction to the origin of the Khmer Rouge name and the change of the scope of the Khmer Rouge name. A brief introduction to some of the main Khmer Rouge leaders; the second part, a brief description of the rise of the Khmer Rouge, an analysis of Cambodia's domestic and international environment at this stage, and an analysis of the reasons for the rise of the Khmer Rouge; the third part, Recalling the history of the Khmer Rouge regime, sorting out a series of measures taken by the Khmer Rouge to the very "left" during its reign, and analysing some of the reasons for the introduction and implementation of these measures, as well as the reasons for its inevitable failure, Summarizing the internal causes of the decline of the Khmer Rouge; part 4th, reviewing the historical track of the decline of the Khmer Rouge, and analyzing the causes of its decline from the perspective of itself and the influence of foreign political forces. Part 5th, Through the above review of history and the analysis of the causes of historical events, the lessons provided by the Khmer Rouge for the future socialist movement are analyzed. These lessons are summarized from different angles: from the angle of the ideological line that Marxist political parties should adhere to, from the angle of correctly treating contradictions, and from the angle of correctly handling socialist democracy and socialist legal system, From the angle of constructing the Marxist political party and dealing with the intellectuals correctly the work of science and technology and education.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D733.5

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