政治革新下的越南国会建设

发布时间：2018-03-05 08:32

本文选题：越南　切入点：国会建设　出处：《郑州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：越南是当今世界上仅有的五个由共产党执政的社会主义国家之一。由于受到苏联模式的影响,越南的发展过程中始终存在着“以党代政”的现象。对于党的决定,国会也仅仅将其变成国家法律的“橡皮图章”和“表决机器”。在国内外的新形势下,1986年越南正式开始实施革新开放,通过对社会主义民主建设理论与实践的积极探索,不断地推进着经济体制、政治体制的改革。在这其中,最引人注目的即是国会的建设,其逐渐地成为了越南民主建设与政治体制改革的“标杆”。作为越南最高人民代表机构,越南国会不仅仅是国家的最高权力组织,同时也是唯一拥有立法权力的机关。在越共六大实行革新路线以来,在改革过程中,越南国会通过了一系列的措施来力求与最高权力机关名实相符。就目前的情况来看,这些举措的实施明显取得了一定的成效。国会建设的具体内容:第一,国会选举制度的改革与创新,国会代表资格审查严格,实行信任测评制度,以及代表实行差额选举;第二,改善国会代表组成结构,提高专职代表比例、提高妇女在国会中的地位、鼓励党外人士和自荐候选人参选国会代表;第三,实行质询制度,并通过电视向公众直播;第四,完善国会的机构及运行机制,合理调整国会会期以及调整国会相关机构。目前,越南国会的建设已经取得了初步成效,显著强化了国会的地位和责任,加强了国会在监督体系中的作用,还提高了国会活动的透明度,也提高了人民政治参与的积极性。但是,随着越南改革逐步进入“深水区”,二十年的积累已经逐步耗尽,必须要不断继续向前推进才能带动越南全面发展,而越南国会却依旧存在着很多问题。今后国会建设的任务仍很艰巨,主要是通过国会具体制度的革新,国会建设理论的建设,加大治理腐败问题的力度,着力解决质询答复所存在的问题,进一步完善信任测评制度等等。所以,只有通过改革与建设,国会才能在国家的政治经济的稳定与快速发展中起到更加突出的促进作用,从而使国会作为国家最高权力机关名实相符。
[Abstract]:Vietnam is one of the only five socialist countries ruled by the Communist Party in the world today. Due to the influence of the Soviet model, there has always been a phenomenon of "taking the party instead of the government" in the development of Vietnam. In 1986, under the new situation at home and abroad, Vietnam officially began to carry out reform and opening up, and through active exploration of the theory and practice of socialist democratic construction, the National Assembly has only turned it into a "rubber stamp" and a "voting machine" for national laws. Constantly pushing forward the reform of the economic and political systems. Among these, the most noticeable is the construction of the National Assembly, which has gradually become the "benchmark" for the democratic construction and political system reform in Vietnam. As the highest organ of the Vietnamese people's Congress, The Vietnamese National Assembly is not only the supreme power organization of the country, but also the only organ with legislative powers. Vietnam's parliament has adopted a series of measures to try to match the name and reality of the highest authority. As far as the present situation is concerned, the implementation of these measures has clearly achieved certain results. The concrete contents of the construction of the National Assembly are as follows: first, The reform and innovation of the parliamentary election system, the strict examination of the qualifications of deputies to the Congress, the implementation of the trust evaluation system, and the implementation of differential elections for deputies; second, the improvement of the composition of deputies to the National Assembly and the increase in the proportion of full-time deputies. To improve the status of women in the National Assembly and encourage non-party people and self-recommended candidates to run for deputies to the Congress; third, to implement the inquiry system and broadcast it live to the public on television; and in 4th, to improve the organization and operational mechanism of the Congress. Adjust the duration of the National Assembly and adjust the relevant institutions of the National Assembly. At present, the construction of the Vietnamese National Assembly has achieved initial results, significantly strengthening the position and responsibilities of the National Assembly, and strengthening the role of the National Assembly in the supervisory system. It has also increased the transparency of the activities of the National Assembly and increased the enthusiasm of the people for political participation. However, as Vietnam's reform has gradually entered the "deep water areas," the accumulation of two decades has been gradually depleted. We must continue to move forward in order to promote Vietnam's overall development, but the Vietnamese National Assembly still has many problems. In the future, the task of building the National Assembly is still very arduous, mainly through the innovation of the specific system of the National Assembly and the construction of the theory of the construction of the National Assembly. Intensify efforts to tackle corruption, focus on solving the problems in answering questions, further improve the trust evaluation system, and so on. Therefore, only through reform and construction, Congress can play a more prominent role in promoting the political and economic stability and rapid development of the country, thus making Congress the highest power organ of the country.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D733.3

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