美国政府绩效评估制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 14:05

本文选题：美国政府　切入点：绩效评估制度　出处：《中共中央党校》2006年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：美国的总体国力经过积累到强盛崛起再到成为唯一的超级大国，这一过程也是制度的建设过程。尤其在美国市场经济发展到了一定阶段时，政府的很多弊端也随之出现，同时出现了一代又一代的制度建设者，通过一系列的改革使得美国政府快速地转化职能，适应全球化、信息化、民主化、市场化的要求。其中重要的是美国实行了对公务人员的绩效评估制度，正是这一制度的科学化的建立、发展、完善，使得美国的政府改革不仅找到了改革的方向，而且使政治改革取得事半功倍的效果。美国政府绩效评估制度是运用数理统计、运筹学原理和特定评估指标体系，对照统一的标准，按照一定的程序，通过定量定性对比分析，对美国政府在一定期间的效益和业绩做出客观、公正和准确的综合评判的制度。但是，美国政府绩效评估制度不是孤立的过程，而是渗透于美国政府行政活动中的，，是与美国政府管理相联系的，是整个美国政治生活的缩影。因此，本文在研究中注意两个方面视角的紧密结合：一是研究美国政府绩效评估制度自身的发展的纵向线索，尽可能发现美国政府绩效评估制度自身逻辑和规律；二是研究美国政府绩效评估制度与美国社会的关系，尽可能发现美国政府绩效评估制度整体发展的趋势。本文以美国政府绩效评估制度分析为主线，采用经济分析方法、阶级分析方法、历史分析方法、跨学科方法、计量统计的方法等，论述了相关概念及美国政府绩效评估制度系统理论，美国政府绩效评估制度的历史演变，美国政府绩效评估制度方法的演变，美国政府绩效评估制度的内容体系，美国政府绩效评估制度的实施，美国政府绩效评估制度的典型案例分析，美国政府绩效评估制度有效实施的功能，最后分析了美国政府绩效评估制度对中国制度建设的启示。本文的目的在于，通过对美国政府绩效评估制度的分析研究，进一步认识美国的行政管理制度和政治体制，同时，为中国的政府绩效评估制度及行政管理体制的发展完善提供借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:The overall national strength of the United States has accumulated until it has risen to become the sole superpower. This process is also a process of institutional construction. Especially when the market economy in the United States has reached a certain stage, many abuses of the government have also appeared. At the same time, there have been generations of system-builders. Through a series of reforms, the US government has rapidly transformed its functions to adapt to globalization, information, and democratization. What is important is that the United States has implemented the performance evaluation system for civil servants. It is precisely the scientific establishment, development, and perfection of this system that has made the government reform in the United States not only find the direction of reform, Moreover, political reform has achieved twice the result with half the effort. The United States government performance evaluation system applies mathematical statistics, operational research principles and specific evaluation index systems, contrasts with unified standards, according to certain procedures, and through quantitative and qualitative comparative analysis. The system of making an objective, fair and accurate comprehensive judgment on the efficiency and performance of the United States Government during a certain period of time. However, the performance evaluation system of the United States Government is not an isolated process, but permeates into the administrative activities of the United States Government. It is a microcosm of the whole American political life. Therefore, this paper pays attention to the close combination of two perspectives in the research: the first is the vertical clue to the development of the American government performance evaluation system itself. The second is to study the relationship between American government performance evaluation system and American society, and to find out the trend of the overall development of American government performance evaluation system as much as possible. This article takes the analysis of the American government performance evaluation system as the main line, adopts the economic analysis method, the class analysis method, the historical analysis method, the interdisciplinary method, the measurement statistics method and so on. The related concepts and the system theory of the American government performance appraisal system, the historical evolution of the American government performance appraisal system, the evolution of the American government performance appraisal system method, the content system of the American government performance appraisal system are discussed. The implementation of the American government performance appraisal system, the typical case analysis of the American government performance appraisal system, the function of the United States government performance appraisal system effective implementation, The purpose of this paper is to further understand the administration system and political system of the United States through the analysis and study of the American government performance evaluation system. To provide reference and reference for the development and perfection of Chinese government performance evaluation system and administrative management system.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D771.2

【引证文献】