理想主义与地区权力政治：冷战时期印度对外政策

发布时间：2018-03-18 17:11

本文选题：印度　切入点：理想主义　出处：《云南大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：冷战时期印度的对外政策是根据印度领导人对国内情况和国际局势的认识而形成的,其根本目的是维护印度的国家安全。为此,印度在全球层面和南亚地区分别推行不同的政策。在全球,印度奉行以不结盟为核心的理想主义道义外交,以反帝、反殖、反对种族主义、反对军备竞赛、反对核武器和建立公正、合理的国际秩序为具体目标,维护世界和平；在次大陆,印度推行现实主义权力政治政策,维持继承的殖民遗产,维护巩固其在次大陆的主导性地位。这两者都服务于印度的国家安全,只是在不同时期,其侧重点不同。尼赫鲁时期印度外交的关注点是全球事务,尼赫鲁之后,印度把中国视为现实的最大的外部威胁,印度外交的重心转向次大陆,以应对中国为主要目标,但是印度没有放弃在全球的不结盟道义外交,只是在国际事务上倾向于苏联。不结盟道义外交为印度赢得了与其国力不相符的国际地位,获得了来自国际社会较高的声誉,使印度的大国理想得以实践,并获取了巨额的“冷战红利”；同时全球的理想主义道义外交一定程度了冲淡了印度的地区霸权政策。外交中的道义性能树立国家良好的形象,可以较小的代价获得较大的利益。所谓中国因素始终是印度对外政策中的主导性外部因素之一,在印度的对外政策中占据重要位置。“中国威胁”在印度决策中是首要考虑的问题,这种考虑有时是隐蔽的,有时是公开的,时至今日,这种情形并无根本性改变。
[Abstract]:The foreign policy of India during the Cold War was formed on the basis of Indian leaders' understanding of the domestic and international situation, and its fundamental purpose was to safeguard India's national security. India pursues different policies at the global level and in South Asia. Globally, India pursues idealistic moral diplomacy with non-alignment at the core, opposing imperialism, colonization, racism and the arms race. Against nuclear weapons and the establishment of a just and reasonable international order as specific objectives for the maintenance of world peace; and in the subcontinent, India pursued a realist political policy of power and maintained its inherited colonial legacy, Maintain and consolidate its dominant position in the subcontinent. Both serve India's national security, but at different times, its focus is different. During the Nehru period, Indian diplomacy focused on global affairs, after Nehru, India sees China as the biggest external threat to reality, and India's diplomacy focuses on the subcontinent, with China as its main goal. But India has not given up its non-aligned moral diplomacy around the world, but it is leaning towards the Soviet Union in international affairs. Non-aligned moral diplomacy has won India an international status that is incompatible with its national strength, gained a high reputation from the international community, and enabled India's great power ideals to be put into practice. At the same time, the idealistic moral diplomacy in the world has diluted India's policy of regional hegemony to a certain extent. The so-called China factor has always been one of the leading external factors in India's foreign policy and occupies an important position in India's foreign policy. "China threat" is the primary consideration in India's decision-making, and this kind of consideration is sometimes hidden. Sometimes it is public, and to this day it has not changed fundamentally.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K153;D735.1

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