20世纪40-80年代新西兰防务政策研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 23:13

本文选题：新西兰　切入点：地区安全防务　出处：《苏州科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自20世纪以来,国家安全防务成为新西兰政府极为重视的国家政策之一,二战爆发后,新西兰的防务政策与战前相比发生了较大变化。而国际冷战格局的形成促使新西兰政府依据实际情况调整防务战略。纵观冷战期间,新西兰的国家防务政策大致可分为三个不同的维度:即澳新美同盟全球性战略下的安全防务、英联邦体系下的集体安全防务、南太平洋地区范围内的地区安全防务。同时,新西兰的防务政策在这三个不同维度下互相联系,美国、英国、澳大利亚三个国家则成为了新西兰20世纪40-80年代期间重要防务合作事务的主要伙伴。进入80年代,国际反核呼声逐渐增强,核危机已经成为威慑全球和平安全的新问题。在这种背景下,新西兰政府顺应民众,开始转向无核化立场,并被迫退出澳新美同盟。至冷战行将结束之时,新西兰的防务理念与防务政策与几十年前已大为不同,而新西兰在20世纪40年代至80年代所实行的防务政策则深刻地反映出偏居一隅的小国新西兰务实的国家防务理念。
[Abstract]:The formation of the international cold war prompted the New Zealand government to adjust its defense strategy according to the actual situation.Throughout the Cold War, New Zealand's national defense policy can be roughly divided into three different dimensions: security and defense under the global strategy of the Australian, New Zealand and the United States alliance, collective security and defense under the Commonwealth system.At the same time, New Zealand's defense policy is interlinked under these three different dimensions. The United States, Britain and Australia have become New Zealand's major partners in defense cooperation during the 1940s and 1980s.In the 1980's, the international anti-nuclear voice gradually strengthened, the nuclear crisis has become a new issue of deterring global peace and security.Against this backdrop, the New Zealand government followed suit, turned to denuclearization and was forced to withdraw from the ANZ alliance.Towards the end of the cold war, New Zealand's defence philosophy and policy were very different from those of decades ago.However, New Zealand's defense policy from 1940s to 1980s deeply reflects the pragmatic national defense concept of the small country.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D761.2;K612.5

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