论叙利亚政治与社会中的阿拉维派

发布时间：2018-04-11 23:03

本文选题：阿拉维派 + 复兴党　；参考：《西北大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：叙利亚的阿拉维派是少数派,社会地位低下。20世纪以后,阿拉维派地位发生了极速转变,1970年后它作为叙利亚的执政集团统治叙利亚至今。本文从阿拉维派融入叙利亚主流社会的过程、变迁入手,分析论述阿拉维派与叙利亚政治的互动关系。本文分三部分,对阿拉维派在叙利亚政治中的作用和影响进行了深入分析。在法国委任统治时期,通过分析阿拉维派部族社会和法国委任统治,指出阿拉维派与法国合作的原因以及阿拉维派转向支持叙利亚民族运动的原因。在1946到1970年间,通过分析阿拉维派利用军队和复兴党争夺最高权力的过程,指出阿拉维派的崛起与部族社会关系的变化。在阿萨德时代,详细论述阿拉维派如何成为统治阶层,并享有一定的特权。在这一时期,阿拉维派与阿萨德权威主义体制密不可分、互为支持的关系深刻影响着叙利亚现代政治的走向,同时也在根本上改变了阿拉维派的地位。总之,阿拉维派的崛起是随着叙利亚民族主义的发展而进行的,并且是军队和复兴党将其推上争夺政权的舞台的。最后从阿萨德执政至今,阿拉维派控制了政权,改变了自身地位,叙利亚成为中东具有典型性的少数派统治多数派的国家。
[Abstract]:Syria's Alawites are a minority. After the low social status. After the 20th century, Alawite's position has changed extremely quickly, and it has ruled Syria since 1970 as the ruling group in Syria.This paper analyzes the interaction between Alawite and Syrian politics from the process of integration of Alawites into the mainstream society in Syria and its vicissitude.This article is divided into three parts to analyze the role and influence of Alawite in Syrian politics.During the period of the French mandate, by analyzing the Alawite tribal society and the French mandate, the reasons for the Alawites' cooperation with France and the reasons for the Alawites' turning to support the Syrian national movement were pointed out.From 1946 to 1970, by analyzing the process of the Alawites using the army and the Baath Party to fight for the supreme power, it was pointed out that the rise of the Alawites and the changes of the tribal social relations.In the Assad era, it was discussed in detail how the Alawites became the ruling class and enjoyed certain privileges.In this period, the Alawites and Assad's authoritarianism system are inseparable, the relationship of mutual support deeply affects the direction of modern Syrian politics, and also fundamentally changes the status of the Alawites.In short, the rise of the Alawites followed the development of Syrian nationalism, and it was the army and the Baath Party that put them on the stage for power.In the end, the Alawites have taken control of the regime and changed their status from Assad to date, and Syria has become the majority state of the Middle East by a typical minority.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D737.6

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