美国总统初选制度的政治效果

发布时间：2018-04-29 10:15

本文选题：美国总统初选 + 政党治理　；参考：《国外理论动态》2017年12期

【摘要】：美国两党的初选既是总统候选人挑选方式民主化的表现,也是两党内部治理的重要形式。初选制度的主要特征是将决定候选人归属的政党的核心权力下放给党员或大众选民。党员或选民直接投票或站队,决定了参选人所能获得的党代表支持数,而党代表没有自主权,只能按照初选结果投票,这使得全代会沦为"橡皮图章"。初选虽然可以成功地选出候选人,但却弱化了两党的政党结构和组织体系,抑制了政党的发展,这也是美国政党体制松散的主要原因。
[Abstract]:The two-party primary election in the United States is not only a manifestation of democratization of presidential candidate selection, but also an important form of internal governance of both parties. The main feature of the primary system is the devolution of the core power of the party to which the candidate belongs to the party members or the general public. Party members or voters directly vote or stand in line, which determines the number of party representatives who can support the candidates. Party representatives have no autonomy and can only vote in accordance with the results of the primary elections, which makes the whole generation become a "rubber stamp." Although the primary election can successfully select candidates, it weakens the political party structure and organizational system of the two parties and inhibits the development of the political parties, which is the main reason for the loose political party system in the United States.
【作者单位】：中共中央党校政法教研部;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“全面从严治党的宪法基础研究”(17CFX009)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D771.2

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