地缘政治对政治转型的影响:条件、方式和后果——以乌克兰为案例

发布时间：2018-05-14 12:10

本文选题：乌克兰 + 政治转型　；参考：《俄罗斯学刊》2016年05期

【摘要】：乌克兰的政治转型不仅是政治多元化和经济市场化的过程,同时也是政治西方化和经济融入全球化的后果。驱动国家政治转型的不仅有国内因素,还有国际环境的影响。在中小国家的政治转型过程中,地缘政治因素的作用表现得尤为突出。由于地缘位置特殊,乌克兰的政治转型受到了来自美国、欧盟和俄罗斯的双重影响。随着欧盟和北约在冷战后的数次东扩,乌克兰开始成为西方与俄罗斯之间的夹缝地带,地缘环境的变化使乌克兰政治转型中的国际因素影响逐渐上升。美国和欧盟以经济援助、监督选举和调停冲突等手段来影响乌克兰政治,俄罗斯则利用能源价格、民族问题和扶植精英等方式来抵御西方国家的渗透。大国的地缘政治竞争加剧了乌克兰政治转型的复杂性和对抗性,并最终导致国家政权更迭和国内冲突的爆发。
[Abstract]:Ukraine's political transformation is not only a process of political pluralism and economic marketization, but also a consequence of political westernization and economic integration into globalization. National political transformation is driven not only by domestic factors, but also by the international environment. In the process of political transformation in small and medium-sized countries, the role of geopolitical factors is particularly prominent. Because of its geographical location, Ukraine's political transition has been influenced by the dual influence of the United States, the European Union and Russia. With several eastward expansion of the EU and NATO after the Cold War, Ukraine began to become a gap zone between the West and Russia. The change of geographical environment made the influence of international factors in the political transition of Ukraine rise gradually. The United States and the European Union influence Ukrainian politics by means of economic aid, election monitoring and conflict mediation, while Russia uses energy prices, ethnic issues and the nurturing of the elite to counter the infiltration of Western countries. The geopolitical competition of the great powers has aggravated the complexity and antagonism of Ukraine's political transformation, and finally led to the change of state power and the outbreak of civil conflict.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所;
【分类号】：D751.13

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