墨西哥恰帕斯州印第安问题及其治理失效的原因

发布时间：2018-07-07 09:45

本文选题：墨西哥 + 印第安问题　；参考：《世界民族》2017年02期

【摘要】：在西班牙殖民者建构的统治秩序中,本土的印第安人处于社会等级的末端,无法获得充足的社会资源。墨西哥独立后,印第安人依然处于社会等级的底端,进而遭受土地资源匮乏、经济贫困和文化传承危机等一系列问题,并成为新自由主义改革的牺牲品。在种族中心主义和内部殖民主义的影响下,出于对自身权力的维系,墨西哥政府无意于改变既有的权力分配格局,亦不承认以印第安人为主体的自治实践。民主转型后,在国家构建存在明显缺陷的情形下,墨西哥联邦和恰帕斯州政府试图通过对印第安准军事团体的利用,实现族群问题的彻底解决。这一策略不仅没有解决印第安问题,反而造成了当前恰帕斯州的政治衰败。本文认为,造成恰帕斯州印第安问题的重要原因是多元族群社会中权力资源的分配不公。
[Abstract]:In the ruling order constructed by the Spanish colonists, the native Indians were at the end of the social hierarchy and could not obtain sufficient social resources. After the independence of Mexico, the Indians were still at the bottom of the social hierarchy, and then suffered from a series of problems, such as the scarcity of land resources, economic poverty and the crisis of cultural inheritance, and became the victims of neoliberal reform. Under the influence of ethnocentrism and internal colonialism, the Mexican government has no intention of changing the existing pattern of power distribution, nor does it recognize the practice of autonomy with Indians as the main body in order to maintain its own power. After the transition of democracy, the Mexican federal government and the state of Chiapas government tried to solve the ethnic group problem thoroughly through the use of Indian paramilitary groups. Instead of solving the Indian problem, this strategy led to the current political decline in Chiapas. This paper argues that the important reason for the Indian problem in Chiapas is the unfair distribution of power resources in the pluralistic society.
【作者单位】：中央民族大学世界民族学人类学研究中心 "中国文化走出去协同创新中心";
【基金】：“中央民族大学青年学术团队引领计划‘世界性宗教的人类学研究’”;中央民族大学学术团队建设项目“海外中国人与中国企业文化适应研究”(项目编号2015MDTD02A) “中国文化走出去”协同创新中心研究项目“中国企业在拉美的文化遭遇与融合路径”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D773.1

【相似文献】