浅析俄加美对北极地区的争夺及中国的北极战略

发布时间：2018-07-18 11:43

【摘要】：伴随着全球气候变暖、温度升高、冰层融化,北极——这片既陌生而又距离我们十分遥远的“不毛之地”,向人类揭开了其神秘的面纱。丰富的自然、矿产和生物资源,未来即将全面开通的便捷的海上航道以及重要的科考、军事价值,将人类的目光聚焦到了这片曾经无人问津的地方。一时之间,寒冷的北极变成了一片热土,平静的北冰洋开始沸腾,北极周边各国纷纷将触角伸入北极地区,对这里展开了激烈的争夺。为适应形势的需要,相关国家纷纷制定了有利于其本国利益的北极战略,从各个方面寻求它们在北极地区的利益最大化。这其中尤以俄罗斯、加拿大和美国这三个国家的北极行动最为引人注目,三国分别从政治、经济、军事、主权划分、科考和环保等多个方面提出了详细的北极战略,以便宣誓它们的北极主权,并据此切实加强了它们在北极地区的军事力量,实施北极行动,加紧对北极地区的科考活动,以求最大限度地维护它们在北极地区的自身利益。北极地区主权问题的出现既有其历史继承性,也存在着不容忽视的各国现实考量,面对北极地区复杂的国际环境、变化着的地缘态势、世界各大国对北极地区的激烈争夺,我国作为一个发展中国家以及受北极变化各方面影响都将较大的国家,也应及早提出我们自己的北极战略,并站在全人类利益的高度维护我们自己的国家利益,以便从容应对在北极地区问题上国际社会将来可能出现的各种变化。本文首先通过分析北极地区的各种重要价值,挖掘了各国争夺北极的真实原因。接下来通过对美、加、俄三国的北极战略进行对比考察,从多个方面对它们进行深入分析,希望能为我国相关部门分析北极大棋局,构建和推行具有中国特色的北极战略提供一些切实可用的启示与参考。
[Abstract]:With global warming, warmer temperatures and melting ice, the Arctic, a strange and far distant "barren land", has opened its mysterious veil to human beings. Rich natural, mineral and biological resources, the future is about to open a convenient sea route and important scientific examination, military value, and people. For a moment, the cold Arctic became a hot soil, a calm Arctic Ocean began to boil, and the countries around the North Pole spread their tentacles into the Arctic and scramble for it. In order to adapt to the situation, the countries related to their own benefits. The beneficial Arctic strategy seeks to maximize their interests in the Arctic, especially in the three countries, Russia, Canada and the United States, which are most noticeable. The three countries have proposed a detailed Arctic strategy from various aspects such as political, economic, military, sovereign division, science examination and environmental protection, in order to swore it. On the basis of the Arctic sovereignty, they have strengthened their military forces in the Arctic, implemented the Arctic operation and tightened their scientific research activities in the Arctic region in order to maximize their own interests in the Arctic region. The emergence of the issue of the sovereignty of the Arctic region has both its historical inheritance and the reality of the countries that can not be ignored. In the face of the complex international environment in the Arctic, the changing geopolitical situation, the fierce competition between the great powers of the world, China, as a developing country and the larger countries affected by various aspects of the Arctic Change, should also put forward our own north pole strategy as soon as possible and stand at the height of the interests of all human beings. Our own national interests in order to cope with the possible changes in the future of the international community in the Arctic region. First, through the analysis of the important values of the Arctic region, this paper excavates the real reasons for the struggle for the Arctic. Then, through the comparative study of the Arctic strategy of the United States, Canada and Russia, the three countries are in many ways. In depth analysis of them, we hope to provide some useful enlightenment and reference for the relevant departments of our country to analyze the great chess game of the Arctic, to construct and carry out the Arctic strategy with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D771.1

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