乌克兰政府的反腐败机制建设与启示

发布时间：2018-09-09 14:59

【摘要】：乌克兰独立以后，伴随着急剧的政治、经济与社会转型，该国的腐败现象日趋严重，并成为国家发展道路上的严重障碍。商业腐败破坏了该国的经济环境，减少外国投资，使经济增长产生滞后效应。政治腐败加大了国家行政机构的运行成本，使政府行为发生扭曲，同时腐败也将威胁政治稳定，对社会产生恶劣影响。面对反腐败斗争的迫切需要，亚努科维奇总统上台后，将打击腐败和履行法律职责作为新政府的绝对优先事项。本文力图深入剖析乌克兰反腐败政策出台的背景、反腐败采取的措施、反腐败政策的效果与缺陷等问题，使同处于转型时期的我国从中获得深刻的启示。文章分四部分进行论述：本文的第一部分阐述了乌克兰腐败的状况与特征、探究了乌克兰腐败的根源、深入剖析腐败给乌克兰带来的危害，以期得出乌克兰反腐败政策出台的背景与动因。第二部分论述了乌克兰的反腐败机制。该机制主要由立法体系、执法体系、预防和监督体系以及国际合作四部分组成。首先，开展一场有效的反腐败斗争，拥有一部充分的法规是必不可少的，把反腐败斗争落实到法律层面，才能在执行的过程中有法可依，有章可循。第二，好的政策固然是重要的，而执行反腐败政策的策略与艺术也同样是重要的。第三，在坚决惩治腐败的同时，必须更加注重治本，，更加注重预防，更加注重制度建设，扩展从源头上防治腐败的领域。第四，腐败问题已经超越国界，日益演变为一个全球性问题，因此反腐败要始终注意国际合作。第三部分对乌克兰的反腐败机制进行评价，分析该机制的效果与缺陷。第四部分主要是结合中国的现实状况，进一步论阐释研究乌克兰反腐败的现实意义，并得到如下启示：（一）腐败的滋生与蔓延与体制密切相关，要根除腐败，必须要深化体制改革。（二）治理腐败主要还是靠法律手段，世界各国的实践都证明，反腐主要依靠法律机制。（三）改革和完善舆论监督体制。（四）加强反腐败领域的国际合作。
[Abstract]:Following the rapid political, economic and social transformation, the corruption in Ukraine became more and more serious and became a serious obstacle to the development of the country. Business corruption undermines the country's economic environment, reduces foreign investment and lags economic growth. Political corruption increases the operating cost of state administrative organs and distorts government behavior. At the same time, corruption will threaten political stability and have a bad impact on society. In the face of the urgent need to fight corruption, President Yanukovych took office and made the fight against corruption and the discharge of legal responsibilities an absolute priority for the new government. This paper tries to deeply analyze the background of Ukraine's anti-corruption policy, the measures taken to combat corruption, the effect and defects of the anti-corruption policy, and so on, so that our country, which is in the transition period, can gain profound enlightenment from it. The article is divided into four parts: the first part of this paper describes the status and characteristics of corruption in Ukraine, explores the root causes of corruption in Ukraine, and deeply analyzes the harm brought by corruption to Ukraine. In order to draw the Ukraine anti-corruption policy background and motivation. The second part discusses the anti-corruption mechanism in Ukraine. The mechanism consists of four parts: legislative system, law enforcement system, prevention and supervision system and international cooperation. First of all, it is necessary to carry out an effective anti-corruption struggle and have an adequate law and regulations. Only when the anti-corruption struggle is implemented into the legal level can there be laws to follow and rules to follow in the process of implementation. Second, good policy is important, and so is the strategy and art of anti-corruption policy. Third, while resolutely punishing corruption, we must pay more attention to the root causes, prevention, institutional construction, and expand the field of prevention and control of corruption at its source. Fourth, corruption has transcended national boundaries and has increasingly evolved into a global problem. Therefore, international cooperation should always be taken into account in the fight against corruption. The third part evaluates the anti-corruption mechanism of Ukraine and analyzes its effect and defect. The fourth part is mainly based on the reality of China, to further explain the practical significance of the study of anti-corruption in Ukraine, and get the following enlightenment: (1) the breeding and spread of corruption is closely related to the system, to eradicate corruption, We must deepen the reform of the system. (2) Governance of corruption mainly depends on legal means, and practice all over the world has proved that anti-corruption mainly depends on legal mechanism. (3) to reform and perfect the system of supervision by public opinion. (IV) strengthening international cooperation in the field of anti-corruption.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D751.13

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