乌克兰危机后的俄罗斯民族主义论析

发布时间：2018-10-08 20:01

【摘要】：乌克兰危机后,俄罗斯国内再度兴起了民族主义思潮,其表现为:从俄罗斯精英到民众,再到不同派别的民族主义者,首要关注的是俄罗斯世界大国地位;反美主义、反西方思潮在俄罗斯社会再次高涨;突出弘扬俄罗斯历史记忆、文化优越性;强调俄罗斯具有自身特色的发展道路,否定西方发展模式等。俄罗斯民族主义再次兴起既有外部原因,又有内部因素:西方的制裁、战略压制和俄罗斯在后苏联空间的地位面临前所未有的挑战是外部原因;经济危机刺激和民族性格因素是内部原因。俄罗斯民族主义有利于俄罗斯采取维护大国地位的外交战略和政策,有利于促进俄罗斯的世界"多极化"主张,增强俄罗斯外交政策的"东西"平衡,但降低了俄罗斯对西方政策缓和与调整的灵活性,易导致对外政策中对强硬手段,如军事力量的应用增加,地区局势紧张度上升。
[Abstract]:After the crisis in Ukraine, there was a resurgence of nationalist thought in Russia, which manifested itself as follows: from the Russian elite to the public, to nationalists of different factions, the primary concern was the status of Russia as a world power; anti-Americanism. The anti-western trend of thought is rising again in the Russian society; the historical memory and cultural superiority of Russia are highlighted; the development path of Russia with its own characteristics is emphasized, and the western development model is denied. The rise of Russian nationalism is due to both external and internal factors: Western sanctions, strategic repression and the unprecedented challenge to Russia's position in the post-Soviet space are the external reasons; The economic crisis stimulates and the national character factor is the internal reason. Russian nationalism is conducive to Russia's adoption of a diplomatic strategy and policy to safeguard the status of a major power, to promote Russia's "multipolarization" in the world, and to enhance the "east-west" balance of Russia's foreign policy. However, it reduces Russia's flexibility to ease and adjust its policies towards the West, which can easily lead to an increase in the use of tough measures in foreign policy, such as military power, and an increase in regional tension.
【作者单位】：外交学院外交学与外事管理系;外交学院俄罗斯研究中心;
【分类号】：D751.2

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