英国工党政府1997年以来的福利制度改革研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 07:06

【摘要】： 本文论述的是英国工党政府福利制度改革。1997年布莱尔领导的工党①上台以后,在“第三条道路”的福利思想指导下,对英国福利制度进行了改革,其做法有别于创立福利国家的老工党和进行福利制度改革的保守党(以撒切尔政府为代表的保守党)。在福利国家的创立和改革中,老工党和保守党都没有平衡好公平与效率的关系,前者追求公平忽视了效率,后者注重效率却忽视了公平。到20世纪90年代,英国的经济社会状态发生了许多重大变化,为应对各种挑战,1997年后执政的新工党政府对福利制度进行了大幅改革。文章运用比较分析、历史分析和实证分析等研究方法,对英国福利制度的历史变迁作了梳理,在此基础之上对英国工党政府的福利制度改革进行了研究,并提出了对我国福利制度建设的几点启示。文章的框架结构如下: 引言:概述了国内外学者对英国新工党政府福利制度改革的研究现状,指出了本论文研究的学术价值及现实意义,提出了论文的设计框架。论文主体由以下四个部分组成: 第一部分概述了英国福利制度的确立和发展,在此基础上分析了保守党政府福利制度改革的原因及成效。第二部分分析了工党在1997年上台后福利制度改革的原因。其原因主要有六个方面,一是克服福利依赖文化和留住人才的需要,二是应对经济发展缓慢的需要,三是应对家庭结构和家庭关系变化的需要,四是应对社会老龄化的需要,五是应对经济全球化发展的需要,六是应对知识经济发展的需要。第三部分阐述了工党政府福利制度改革的思想理论基础及政策措施。其思想理论基础是“第三条道路”的福利思想,政策措施主要有工作福利、消除儿童贫困、教育和培训政策、医疗服务体系改革和养老金制度改革五个方面。第四部分,在上述三部分的基础之上提出了工党政府福利制度改革对我国的几点启示。
[Abstract]:This paper deals with the reform of the welfare system of the British Labour Party. After the Labour Party led by Blair came to power in 1997, under the guidance of the welfare thought of "the third way", the British welfare system was reformed. It differs from the old Labour Party, which created the welfare state, and the Conservative Party, which reformed the welfare system (represented by the Thatcher government). In the creation and reform of the welfare state, neither the Old Labour Party nor the Conservative Party has balanced the relationship between fairness and efficiency. The former pursues fairness and neglects efficiency, while the latter pays attention to efficiency but neglects fairness. By the 1990s, many important changes had taken place in Britain's economic and social conditions. In order to cope with various challenges, the New Labour Government in power after 1997 carried out a substantial reform of the welfare system. By using the methods of comparative analysis, historical analysis and empirical analysis, this paper combs the historical changes of the British welfare system, and on the basis of this, studies the welfare system reform of the British Labour government. And put forward to our country welfare system construction several enlightenment. The structure of the article is as follows: introduction: this paper summarizes the current situation of the research on the reform of the welfare system of the British New Labour Party, points out the academic value and practical significance of this paper, and puts forward the design framework of the paper. The main body of the thesis consists of the following four parts: the first part summarizes the establishment and development of the welfare system in Britain, and then analyzes the causes and effects of the reform of the Tory government welfare system. The second part analyzes the reasons for the reform of the welfare system after the Labour Party came to power in 1997. There are six main reasons for this: first, to overcome the need to rely on a culture of welfare dependence and to retain talent; second, to cope with the needs of slow economic development; third, to cope with the needs of changes in family structure and family relations; and fourth, to cope with the needs of an aging society. Fifth, to meet the needs of the development of economic globalization, sixth, to meet the needs of the development of knowledge economy. The third part expounds the ideological and theoretical basis and policy measures of the reform of the Labor Party's government welfare system. Its ideological and theoretical foundation is the welfare thought of "the third way". The policy measures mainly include work welfare, poverty eradication, education and training policy, medical service system reform and pension system reform. The fourth part, on the basis of the above three parts, puts forward some enlightenments to our country from the reform of the Labor Party's government welfare system.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D756.1

【参考文献】