浅析中世纪西欧封土制在14-15世纪衰落的原因
发布时间：2018-11-23 20:36
【摘要】：本文是研究封土制在14-15世纪衰落的原因的一篇文章。笔者认为,在西欧中世纪早期随着采邑制的出现和封建王权的日渐加强,封土制开始出现。此后,经过数个世纪的发展封土制最终在欧洲形成。 文章的前言部分指出中世纪晚期西欧社会开始从封建生产关系向近代资本主义生产关系转变。并简要叙述了国内外对转型原因这一问题的研究成果和局限,指出了本文研究的角度和方法。 第一章是封土制的起源及其特征,主要分析了封土制形成的历史背景和历史条件,阐述了以封君封臣关系为表现形式的封土制的特点,对封君封臣制及他们之间的相互权利与义务做一简单介绍。 第二章是简述封土制在西欧各国的发展及其衰落的自身因素,简要分析了封土制在英国和西欧大陆发展的不同状况及导致其衰落的内在因素。 第三章是封土制衰落的经济因素,以商品货币关系为纽带对14-15世纪的工商业做一介绍,得出由于商品经济的发展而产生的新的经济关系所引起的生产关系的变革,进而得出由于商品经济的发展而导致封土制衰落的经济因素。 第四章是封土制衰落的社会根源,分析了劳动力、社会环境、社会结构的变化等方面对封土制的衰落所产生的影响。 本文最后得出,封土制在中世纪中后期的衰落既是其自身因素发展的结果而更多的原因则是经济的发展、社会结构的变化等方面的外部因素。
[Abstract]:This paper is a study of the causes of the decline of the feudal system in the 14-15 th century. The author believes that in the early Middle Ages of Western Europe, with the emergence of fiefdom and the strengthening of feudal Wang Quan, the system of sealing soil began to appear. Then, after centuries of development, the feudal system finally came into being in Europe. The preface of the article points out that in the late Middle Ages Western Europe began to change from feudal relations of production to modern capitalist relations of production. It also briefly describes the research results and limitations of the cause of transformation at home and abroad, and points out the angles and methods of this study. The first chapter is the origin and characteristics of the feudal system. It mainly analyzes the historical background and historical conditions of the formation of the feudal system, and expounds the characteristics of the feudal system in the form of the relationship between the monarch and the courtiers. This paper briefly introduces the system of monarch and minister and their mutual rights and obligations. The second chapter is a brief description of the development of the feudal system in Western Europe and its own factors of decline, a brief analysis of the different conditions of the development of the feudal system in Britain and Western Europe continent and the internal factors leading to its decline. The third chapter is the economic factors of the decline of the feudal land system. It introduces the trade and industry of the 14-15 century with the commodity monetary relation as the link, and concludes the transformation of the production relations caused by the new economic relations caused by the development of the commodity economy. Then the economic factors leading to the decline of the feudal soil system are obtained because of the development of commodity economy. The fourth chapter is the social root of the decline of the feudal system, analyzes the labor force, social environment, social structure changes and other aspects of the decline of the feudal system. Finally, this paper concludes that the decline of the system in the middle and late Middle Ages is the result of the development of its own factors and the external factors of the development of economy and the change of social structure.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D756;K56
本文编号：2352619
[Abstract]:This paper is a study of the causes of the decline of the feudal system in the 14-15 th century. The author believes that in the early Middle Ages of Western Europe, with the emergence of fiefdom and the strengthening of feudal Wang Quan, the system of sealing soil began to appear. Then, after centuries of development, the feudal system finally came into being in Europe. The preface of the article points out that in the late Middle Ages Western Europe began to change from feudal relations of production to modern capitalist relations of production. It also briefly describes the research results and limitations of the cause of transformation at home and abroad, and points out the angles and methods of this study. The first chapter is the origin and characteristics of the feudal system. It mainly analyzes the historical background and historical conditions of the formation of the feudal system, and expounds the characteristics of the feudal system in the form of the relationship between the monarch and the courtiers. This paper briefly introduces the system of monarch and minister and their mutual rights and obligations. The second chapter is a brief description of the development of the feudal system in Western Europe and its own factors of decline, a brief analysis of the different conditions of the development of the feudal system in Britain and Western Europe continent and the internal factors leading to its decline. The third chapter is the economic factors of the decline of the feudal land system. It introduces the trade and industry of the 14-15 century with the commodity monetary relation as the link, and concludes the transformation of the production relations caused by the new economic relations caused by the development of the commodity economy. Then the economic factors leading to the decline of the feudal soil system are obtained because of the development of commodity economy. The fourth chapter is the social root of the decline of the feudal system, analyzes the labor force, social environment, social structure changes and other aspects of the decline of the feudal system. Finally, this paper concludes that the decline of the system in the middle and late Middle Ages is the result of the development of its own factors and the external factors of the development of economy and the change of social structure.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D756;K56
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