大众传媒在俄罗斯政治生活中的作用

发布时间：2019-04-26 07:09

【摘要】：在俄罗斯转型过程中,大众传媒与政治生活的关系非常紧密,从1985年戈尔巴乔夫开始改革到苏联解体,从叶利钦推行"休克疗法"到1993年俄联邦宪法确立,再到普京执政,都可以观察到大众传媒在其中的影响。在政治与传媒关系的演变过程中,可以看到政治对传媒起着决定性作用,当然也有非强制性的一面;而大众传媒对政治的影响则具有非决定性,但却是能动的。这符合政治与传媒关系的普遍规律,也与俄罗斯所处的社会发展阶段以及俄罗斯的历史文化传统有着密切关系。目前传媒对俄政治生活的影响还主要表现在维护当权者的统治上。虽然普京仍然奉行国家主义,在短时间不会完全放任媒体自由,但改变已经出现,民众将获得更多的机会,利用媒体表达的便利实现政治参与。
[Abstract]:During Russia's transition, the mass media had a very close relationship with political life, from the beginning of Gorbachev's reform in 1985 to the disintegration of the Soviet Union, from Yeltsin's implementation of "shock therapy" to the establishment of the Russian Federation's Constitution in 1993, and then to Putin's administration. The influence of mass media can be observed. In the evolution of the relationship between politics and the media, we can see that politics plays a decisive role in the media, of course, there is a non-mandatory side, while the influence of the mass media on politics is non-decisive, but it is dynamic. It accords with the general law of the relations between politics and media, and is closely related to the stage of social development and the historical and cultural tradition of Russia. At present, the influence of the media on Russia's political life is mainly reflected in the maintenance of the rule of those in power. While Putin remains nationalist and will not allow the media to free up completely in a short period of time, change has emerged and people will be given more opportunities to take advantage of the convenience of media expression to achieve political participation.
【作者单位】：中俄人文合作协同创新中心;黑龙江大学《俄罗斯学刊》;
【基金】：2012年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“从彼得到普京:俄罗斯书刊检查的实践与评价”(项目编号:12YJA860007)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D751.2;G206

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